一、简介

在日常工作开发中，发送邮件功能有时需要我们去开发使用，这里首先介绍以下与发送接受邮件相关的一些协议：

发送邮件：SMPT、MIME，是一种基于"推"的协议，通过SMPT协议将邮件发送至邮件服务器，MIME协议是对SMPT协议的一种补充，如发送图片附件等
接收邮件：POP、IMAP，是一种基于"拉"的协议，收件人通过POP协议从邮件服务器拉取邮件

二、账号准备

Gmail 客户端设置说明:参考官方Gmail帮助

三、代码工程

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <parent>        <artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId>        <groupId>com.et</groupId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    </parent>    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
    <properties>        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>    </properties>    <dependencies>
        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>        </dependency>    </dependencies>
</project>

application.properties

#这里以qq邮箱为例# qq邮箱服务器spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com# 你的qq邮箱账户spring.mail.username=yourAccount@qq.com# 你的qq邮箱第三方授权码spring.mail.password=yourPassword# 编码类型spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/template/

DemoApplication.java

package com.et.mail;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplicationpublic class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);   }}

MailUtil.java

package com.et.mail.util;
import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import java.io.File;
/** * @author zhaokuii11@163.com * @create 2022-01-11 19:22 * @Description */@Servicepublic class MailUtils {    // 日志    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailUtils.class);    @Value("${spring.mail.username}") //注入 application.properties中指定的用户名    private String from;
    @Autowired //用于发送文件    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    /**     * 发送普通文本邮件     *     * @param to      收件人     * @param subject 主体     * @param content 内容     */    public void sendSimpleMail(            String to, String subject, String content    ) {
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();        message.setTo(to);//收信人        message.setSubject(subject);//主题        message.setText(content);//内容        message.setFrom(from);//发信人
        mailSender.send(message);    }
    /**     * 发送html邮件     *     * @param to      收件人     * @param subject 书体     * @param content 内容(可以包含html等标签)     */    public void sendHtmlMail(            String to, String subject, String content    ) {        //使用MimeMessage，MIME协议        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();        MimeMessageHelper helper;        //MimeMessageHelper帮助我们设置更丰富的内容        try {            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);            helper.setFrom(from);            helper.setTo(to);            helper.setSubject(subject);            helper.setText(content, true);//true代表支持html            mailSender.send(message);            logger.info("发送HTML邮件成功");        } catch (MessagingException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            logger.error("发送HTML邮件失败：", e);        }
    }

    /**     * 发送带附件的邮件     *     * @param to       收件人     * @param subject  主体     * @param content  内容     * @param filePath 附件路径     */    public void sendAttachmentMail(            String to, String subject,            String content, String filePath    ) {        // 日志        logger.info("发送带附件邮件开始：{},{},{},{}", to, subject, content, filePath);        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper;        try {            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);            //true代表支持多组件，如附件，图片等            helper.setFrom(from);            helper.setTo(to);            helper.setSubject(subject);            helper.setText(content, true);            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));            String fileName = file.getFilename();            helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);//添加附件，可多次调用该方法添加多个附件            mailSender.send(message);            logger.info("发送带附件邮件成功");        } catch (MessagingException e) {            logger.error("发送带附件邮件失败", e);        }
    }
    /**     * 发送带图片的邮件     *     * @param to      收件人     * @param subject 主体     * @param content 内容     * @param rscPath 图片路径     * @param rscId   rscId 图片ID,用于在<img\>标签中使用，从而显示图片     */    public void sendInlineResourceMail(            String to, String subject, String content,            String rscPath, String rscId) {        // 日志        logger.info("发送带图片邮件开始：{},{},{},{},{}", to, subject, content, rscPath, rscId);        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper;        try {            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);            helper.setFrom(from);            helper.setTo(to);            helper.setSubject(subject);            helper.setText(content, true);            FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));            helper.addInline(rscId, res);//重复使用添加多个图片            mailSender.send(message);            logger.info("发送带图片邮件成功");        } catch (MessagingException e) {            logger.error("发送带图片邮件失败", e);        }    }}

邮件模板

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <title>邮件模板</title></head><body>您好，感谢您的注册，这是一封验证邮件，请点击下面的链接完成注册，感谢您的支持！<br><a href="#" th:href="@{http://www.bestbpf.com/register/{id}(id=${id})}">激活账户</a></body></html>

代码仓库

https://github.com/Harries/springboot-demo

四、测试

package com.et;
import com.et.mail.DemoApplication;import com.et.mail.util.MailUtils;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;
/** * @author zhaokuii11@163.com * @create 2022-01-11 19:49 * @Description */@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTest(classes = DemoApplication.class)public class SpringBootApplicationTest {    @Autowired    MailUtils mailUtils;    @Autowired    private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

    /**     * 指定模板发送邮件     */    /**     * 指定模板发送邮件     */    @Test    public void testTemplateMail() {        //向Thymeleaf模板传值，并解析成字符串        Context context = new Context();        context.setVariable("id", "001");        String emailContent = templateEngine.process("emailTemplate", context);        mailUtils.sendHtmlMail("zhaokuii11@163.com", "这是一个模板文件", emailContent);    }    /**     * 发送简单纯文本邮件     */    @Test    public void sendSimpleMail() {        mailUtils.sendSimpleMail("zhaokuii11@163.com", "发送邮件测试", "大家好，这是我用springboot进行发送邮件测试");    }
    /**     * 发送HTML邮件     */    @Test    public void sendHtmlMail() {        String content = "<html><body><h3><font color=\"red\">" + "大家好，这是springboot发送的HTML邮件" + "</font></h3></body></html>";        mailUtils.sendHtmlMail("zhaokuii11@163.com", "发送邮件测试", content);    }
    /**     * 发送带附件的邮件     */    @Test    public void sendAttachmentMail() {        String content = "<html><body><h3><font color=\"red\">" + "大家好，这是springboot发送的HTML邮件，有附件哦" + "</font></h3></body></html>";        String filePath = "your file path";        mailUtils.sendAttachmentMail("zhaokuii11@163.com", "发送邮件测试", content, filePath);    }
    /**     * 发送带图片的邮件     */    @Test    public void sendInlineResourceMail() {        String rscPath = "your picture path";        String rscId = "001";        String content = "<html><body><h3><font color=\"red\">" + "大家好，这是springboot发送的HTML邮件，有图片哦" + "</font></h3>"                + "<img src=\'cid:" + rscId + "\'></body></html>";        mailUtils.sendInlineResourceMail("zhaokuii11@163.com", "发送邮件测试", content, rscPath, rscId);    }}

五、引用

https://www.cnblogs.com/zk2020/p/15790279.html
http://www.liuhaihua.cn/archives/710258.html

ITPub博客

springboot集成mail快速入门demo

一、简介

二、账号准备

三、代码工程

pom.xml

application.properties

DemoApplication.java

MailUtil.java

邮件模板

代码仓库

四、测试

五、引用

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