1.Quartz介绍

Quartz是OpenSymphony开源的一个项目，是一个由Java编写的开源作业调度框架。

特点

支持分布式高可用，我们需要某个定时任务在多个节点中只有某个节点可以执行时，就需要Quartz来实现，否则使用@Scheduled等方式会造成所有节点都执行一遍。
支持持久化，Quartz有专门的数据表来实现定时任务的持久化。
支持多任务调度和管理，Quartz可以在数据库中存储多个定时任务进行作业调度，可以实现定时任务的增删改查等管理。

组成

Quartz由三部分组成：

任务：JobDetail
触发器：Trigger（分为SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger）
调度器：Scheduler

2.mysql环境搭建

第一个mysql数据库

docker run --name docker-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 3306:3306 -d mysql

初始化数据


create database demo;## Quartz seems to work best with the driver mm.mysql-2.0.7-bin.jar## PLEASE consider using mysql with innodb tables to avoid locking issues## In your Quartz properties file, you'll need to set# org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate#DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_LOCKS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_TRIGGERS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CALENDARS;CREATE TABLE QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,JOB_CLASS_NAME VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL,IS_DURABLE VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,IS_UPDATE_DATA VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,NEXT_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,PREV_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,PRIORITY INTEGER NULL,TRIGGER_STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_TYPE VARCHAR(8) NOT NULL,START_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,END_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,MISFIRE_INSTR SMALLINT(2) NULL,JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)REFERENCES QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,REPEAT_COUNT BIGINT(7) NOT NULL,REPEAT_INTERVAL BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,TIMES_TRIGGERED BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,CRON_EXPRESSION VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,TIME_ZONE_ID VARCHAR(80),PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,STR_PROP_1 VARCHAR(512) NULL,STR_PROP_2 VARCHAR(512) NULL,STR_PROP_3 VARCHAR(512) NULL,INT_PROP_1 INT NULL,INT_PROP_2 INT NULL,LONG_PROP_1 BIGINT NULL,LONG_PROP_2 BIGINT NULL,DEC_PROP_1 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,DEC_PROP_2 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,BOOL_PROP_1 VARCHAR(1) NULL,BOOL_PROP_2 VARCHAR(1) NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,BLOB_DATA BLOB NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CALENDARS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,CALENDAR BLOB NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,ENTRY_ID VARCHAR(95) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,FIRED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,SCHED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,PRIORITY INTEGER NOT NULL,STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NULL,IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NULL,REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,ENTRY_ID));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,LAST_CHECKIN_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,CHECKIN_INTERVAL BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME));
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_LOCKS(SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,LOCK_NAME VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,LOCK_NAME));
commit;

说明

msyql账号rootmysql密码123456

3.代码工程

实验目的：创建一个cron的quartz定时任务，并持久化到数据库

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <parent>        <artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId>        <groupId>com.et</groupId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    </parent>    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
    <properties>        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>    </properties>    <dependencies>
        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>        <!-- implement Quartz auto config -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>mysql</groupId>            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>        </dependency>    </dependencies></project>

Application.yaml

server:  port: 8088spring:  datasource:    quartz:      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8      username: root      password: 123456  quartz:    job-store-type: jdbc # use jdbc databse    scheduler-name: hyhScheduler # 相同 Scheduler 名字的节点，形成一个 Quartz 集群    wait-for-jobs-to-complete-on-shutdown: true # 应用关闭时，是否等待定时任务执行完成。默认为 false ，建议设置为 true    jdbc:      initialize-schema: never # 是否自动使用 SQL 初始化 Quartz 表结构。这里设置成 never ，我们手动创建表结构。    properties:      org:        quartz:          # JobStore 相关配置          jobStore:            dataSource: quartzDataSource # 使用的数据源            class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX # JobStore 实现类            driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate            tablePrefix: QRTZ_ # Quartz 表前缀            isClustered: true # 是集群模式            clusterCheckinInterval: 1000            useProperties: false          # 线程池相关配置          threadPool:            threadCount: 25 # 线程池大小。默认为 10 。            threadPriority: 5 # 线程优先级            class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool # 线程池类型

job

打印出当前线程名、当前时间及当前调用次数

package com.et.quartz.job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
//SimpleJob是一个简单定时任务体，用于打印出当前线程名、当前时间及当前调用次数public class SimpleJob extends QuartzJobBean {
    private final static AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(1);
    @Override    protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();        String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();        System.out.println("Execute quartz \"SimpleJob\", threadName = \"" + name +                "\", the " + counter.getAndIncrement() + "th execution, time = \"" +                now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS")) + "\"");    }}

Jobinit.java

job初始化，并将相关数据持久化都数据库

package com.et.quartz.config;
import com.et.quartz.job.SimpleJob;import org.quartz.*;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.HashSet;import java.util.Set;
@Componentpublic class JobInit implements ApplicationRunner {
    private static final String ID = "SUMMERDAY";
    @Autowired    private Scheduler scheduler;
    @Override    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {        JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class)                .withIdentity(ID + " 02")                .storeDurably()                .build();        CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder =                CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/10 * * * * ? *");        //create  task trigger        Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()                .forJob(jobDetail)                .withIdentity(ID + " 02Trigger")                .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder)                .startNow() //exceute Now                .build();        Set<Trigger> set = new HashSet<>();        set.add(trigger);        // boolean replace it will replace quartz's task in database  when the task is started        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, set, true);    }}

DemoApplication.java

package com.et.quartz;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplicationpublic class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);   }}

以上只是一些关键代码，所有代码请参见下面代码仓库

代码仓库

https://github.com/Harries/springboot-demo

4.测试

启动Spring Boot应用，发现每10秒运行一次定时任务

Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-1", the 1th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:14:23.031"Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-2", the 2th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:14:30.019"Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-3", the 3th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:14:40.015"Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-4", the 4th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:14:50.017"Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-5", the 5th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:15:00.022"Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-6", the 6th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:15:10.024"

查看是否数据库有任务信息

select * from QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS qst select * from QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS qct

5.参考引用

https://www.cnblogs.com/summerday152/p/14193968.html
http://www.liuhaihua.cn/archives/710458.html

ITPub博客

Spring Boot集成Quartz快速入门Demo