以下介绍的是每周1-6增量备份，每周日全量备份。

通过系统启动自动化任务

[oracle@orcl ~]$ crontab -l

10 00 * * 0  /home/scripts/rmanlevel0.sh 

10 00 * * 1,2,3,4,5,6  /home/scripts/rmanlevel1.sh 

30 00 * * * /home/oracle/report/awr.sh

[oracle@orcl ~]$ cat /home/scripts/rmanlevel1.sh---增量备份

#!/bin/sh

a=`date "+%y_%m%d"`

NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'

export ORACLE_BASE=/home/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/home/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl

rman target / log /home/oracle/rman_log/rmanlv1$a.log <<EOF

RUN

{

        CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/data_backup/ctlbackup/%F';

        CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/data_backup/%U';

        BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 CUMULATIVE  DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE ALL INPUT;

        DELETE FORCE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE REDUNDANCY 1;

}

QUIT;

EOF

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

b=`date -d last-day +%Y%m%d`

a=`date "+%y_%m%d"`

echo $a

echo $b

echo "RAC-RMANBACKUP LOG $a" |mail -a /home/oracle/rman_log/"rmanlv0$a.log" -s "RAC-RMAN_BACKUP_LOG-$a" test@test.com

[oracle@orcl ~]$ cat /home/scripts/rmanlevel0.sh ---全量备份

#!/bin/sh

a=`date "+%y_%m%d"`

NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'

export ORACLE_BASE=/home/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/home/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl

rman target / log /home/oracle/rman_log/rman$a.log <<EOF

RUN

{

       CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/data_backup/ctlbackup/%F';

        CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/data_backup/%U';

        BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 SECTION SIZE 200G DATABASE  PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE ALL INPUT;

        DELETE FORCE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE REDUNDANCY 1;

}

QUIT;

EOF

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

b=`date -d last-day +%Y%m%d`

a=`date "+%y_%m%d"`

echo $a

echo $b

echo "orcl-RMANBACKUP LOG $a" |mail -a /home/oracle/rman_log/"rmanlv0$a.log" -s "orcl-RMAN_BACKUP_LOG-$a" test@test.com

---------

基于RMAN备份的恢复

1. 先把数据库软件创建好，

2. 然后创建一个和需要恢复的数据库同名的实例

3. 把实例名下面的所有数据文件删除。

4. 恢复控制文件

 在umount状态下：

 RMAN>startup nomount

 RMAN>restore controlfile to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl' from '/data/oracle/ctlbackup/c-3667560725-20170516-00' ;

 或者：restore controlfile from autobackup;

[root@orcl ctlbackup]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle/ctlbackup/

[root@orcl ctlbackup]# cp /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl 

RMAN>alter database mount;

RMAN> list incarnation;

List of Database Incarnations

DB Key  Inc Key DB Name  DB ID            STATUS  Reset SCN  Reset Time

------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------

1       1       orcl    3667560725       PARENT  1          24-AUG-13

2       2       orcl    3667560725       CURRENT 925702     22-DEC-16

run

{

set newname for datafile 1 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 2 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 3 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 4 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 5 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ts_test01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 6 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ts_test02.dbf';

set newname for datafile 7 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ts_test03.dbf';

set newname for datafile 8 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ts_test04.dbf';

set newname for datafile 9 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ts_test05.dbf';

set newname for datafile 10 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ts_orcl_01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 11 to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ts_orcl_02.dbf';

restore database;

switch datafile all;

}

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 17-MAY-17

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=176 device type=DISK

starting media recovery

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=2850

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=2851

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /data/oracle/rmanbackset/rps4bve7_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/data/oracle/rmanbackset/rps4bve7_1_1 tag=TAG20170516T050407

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/archivelog/2017_05_17/o1_mf_1_2850_dkq7ht3d_.arc thread=1 sequence=2850

channel default: deleting archived log(s)

archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/archivelog/2017_05_17/o1_mf_1_2850_dkq7ht3d_.arc RECID=2853 STAMP=944210947

archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/archivelog/2017_05_17/o1_mf_1_2851_dkq7ht3l_.arc thread=1 sequence=2851

channel default: deleting archived log(s)

archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/archivelog/2017_05_17/o1_mf_1_2851_dkq7ht3l_.arc RECID=2852 STAMP=944210940

unable to find archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=2852

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 05/17/2017 08:49:25

RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2852 and starting SCN of 1169238920

RMAN> recover database until sequence 2852;

Starting recover at 17-MAY-17

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 17-MAY-17

RMAN> alter database open;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 05/17/2017 09:20:34

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 05/17/2017 09:21:27

ORA-00349: failure obtaining block size for '/datafile/redo/redo01.log'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 9

 SQL> select * from v$logfile;

 alter database rename file '/datafile/redo/redo01.log' to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log';

 alter database rename file '/datafile/redo/redo02.log' to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log';

 alter database rename file '/datafile/redo/redo03.log' to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log';

 alter database rename file '/datafile/redo/redo04.log' to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log';

 alter database rename file '/datafile/redo/redo05.log' to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log';

 alter database rename file '/datafile/redo/redo06.log' to '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log';

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 05/17/2017 09:30:51

ORA-00392: log 2 of thread 1 is being cleared, operation not allowed

ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log'

SQL> alter database clear logfile group 2;

RMAN>  alter database open resetlogs;      

database opened