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Oracle学习系列—数据库备份—RMAN备份

原创 Oracle 作者：PercyWang 时间：2007-04-10 08:11:49 0 删除 编辑

RMAN(Recovery Manager,恢复管理器)是数据的备份工具，是一个与操作系统无关的数据库备份工具，可以跨越不同操作系统进行数据库备份。

以前从来不敢使用这玩意，也不太清楚到底有何用途，只知道很难使用；经过3天的实践总算硬着头皮把例子一个个做了一遍，对RMAN的基本命令和用途有了基本的了解。。。

唉，其实我还是没太搞明白，也许等冷静一段时间研究一下恢复的时候，才知道RMAN的真正用途。。。

[@more@]

--Create RMAN enviroment

--Create RMAN default tablespace

--Create RMAN User

--Grant RMAN privilege

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Apr 8 21:23:31 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

SQL> connect sys/change_on_install as sysdba;

Connected.

SQL> create tablespace cattbs

2 datafile 'c:/userdefine/oracle/oradata/wbq/cattbsdb01.dbf' size 10M

3 autoextend on next 10M maxsize 100M

4 extent management local uniform size 128k;

Tablespace created.

SQL> create user rman identified by rman

2 default tablespace cattbs

3 temporary tablespace temp;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to rman;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

Grant succeeded.

SQL>

--Rman login

--create recovery catalog

Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production

Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

RMAN> connect catalog rman/rman

connected to recovery catalog database

recovery catalog is not installed

RMAN> create catalog;

recovery catalog created

--Connect Destination Database, local database can be connected directly

--Register Database

Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production

Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

RMAN> connect target sys/change_on_install

connected to target database: WBQ (DBID=2252890748)

RMAN> register database;

database registered in recovery catalog

starting full resync of recovery catalog

full resync complete

RMAN> resync catalog;

starting full resync of recovery catalog

full resync complete

--remote startup and shutdown database

RMAN> shutdown immediate

database closed

database dismounted

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup

connected to target database(not started)

Oracle instance started

database mounted

database opened

Total System Global Area XXX bytes

Fixed Size XXX bytes

Variable Size XXX bytes

Database Buffers XXX bytes

Redo Buffers XXX bytes

--Auto Channel configuration

--Show default device type

--Change parallelism number to 3

--Show device type again

--Set default device type

--Set data volume per backup

RMAN> show device type;

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1; # default

RMAN> configure device type disk parallelism 3;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> show device type;

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3;

RMAN> configure default device type to disk;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> configure channel device type disk maxpiecesize=1M;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 1 M;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

--backup Database by auto channel

RMAN> backup tablespace wbq;

Starting backup at 09-APR-07

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=18 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_2: sid=19 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3

channel ORA_DISK_3: sid=20 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00011 name=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/WBQ.ORA

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/3IEOTTB_1_1 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished backup at 09-APR-07

--define Manual Channel by RUN command.

--define 3 channel, and parallel backup 3 datafile. a channel operate a databfile

RMAN> run

2> {

3> allocate channel c1 device type disk;

4> allocate channel c2 device type disk;

5> allocate channel c3 device type disk;

6> backup datafile 1,2,3;

7> }

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

released channel: ORA_DISK_2

released channel: ORA_DISK_3

allocated channel: c1

channel c1: sid=18 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: c2

channel c2: sid=19 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: c3

channel c3: sid=20 devtype=DISK

Starting backup at 09-APR-07

channel c1: starting full datafile backupset

channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00002 name=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/UNDOTBS01.DBF

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel c2: starting full datafile backupset

channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00003 name=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/CWMLITE01.DBF

channel c2: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel c3: starting full datafile backupset

channel c3: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

including current SPFILE in backupset

including current controlfile in backupset

input datafile fno=00001 name=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/SYSTEM01.DBF

channel c3: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/4IEOU0O_1_1 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:11

channel c2: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/5IEOU0O_1_1 comment=NONE

channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:11

channel c3: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/6IEOU0O_1_1 comment=NONE

channel c3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:56

Finished backup at 09-APR-07

released channel: c2

released channel: c3

released channel: c1

--Define 3 channel, but only a channel backup datafile ,so only utilize one channel

RMAN> run

2> {

3> allocate channel c1 device type disk;

4> allocate channel c2 device type disk;

5> allocate channel c3 device type disk;

6> backup datafile 1;

7> backup datafile 2;

8> backup datafile 3;

9> }

allocated channel: c1

channel c1: sid=18 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: c2

channel c2: sid=19 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: c3

channel c3: sid=20 devtype=DISK

Starting backup at 09-APR-07

channel c1: starting full datafile backupset

channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

including current SPFILE in backupset

including current controlfile in backupset

input datafile fno=00001 name=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/SYSTEM01.DBF

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/7IEOU4E_1_1 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:46

Finished backup at 09-APR-07

Starting backup at 09-APR-07

channel c1: starting full datafile backupset

channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00002 name=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/UNDOTBS01.DBF

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/8IEOU5T_1_1 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

Finished backup at 09-APR-07

Starting backup at 09-APR-07

channel c1: starting full datafile backupset

channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00003 name=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/CWMLITE01.DBF

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/9IEOU6C_1_1 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished backup at 09-APR-07

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

released channel: c3

--show all channel configuration parameter.

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3;

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 1 M;

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO 'C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/SNCF

WBQ.ORA'; # default

--Copy by Manual Channel

RMAN> run

2> {

3> allocate channel c1 device type disk;

4> allocate channel c2 device type disk;

5> allocate channel c3 device type disk;

6> copy

7> datafile 11 to 'c:/userdefine/oracle/oradata/wbq/backup/wbq1008.dbf',

8> current controlfile to 'c:/userdefine/oracle/oradata/wbq/backup/controlbk.ctl';

9> }

using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: c1

channel c1: sid=19 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: c2

channel c2: sid=18 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: c3

channel c3: sid=12 devtype=DISK

Starting copy at 09-APR-07

channel c2: copied current controlfile

output filename=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/BACKUP/CONTROLBK.CTL

channel c1: copied datafile 11

output filename=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/BACKUP/WBQ1008.DBF recid=3 stam

p=619481357

Finished copy at 09-APR-07

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

released channel: c3

--copy by Auto Channel

RMAN> copy

2> datafile 11 to 'c:/userdefine/oracle/oradata/wbq/backup/wbq1010.dbf',

3> current controlfile to 'c:/userdefine/oracle/oradata/wbq/backup/control1010bk.ctl';

Starting copy at 09-APR-07

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

using channel ORA_DISK_3

channel ORA_DISK_2: copied current controlfile

output filename=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/BACKUP/CONTROL1010BK.CTL

channel ORA_DISK_1: copied datafile 11

output filename=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/BACKUP/WBQ1010.DBF recid=5 stam

p=619481551

Finished copy at 09-APR-07

--backup method,need dispatch auto or manual channel,define file format,define backup level,backup object

--backup full database

RMAN> backup database

.........

--backup tablesapce

RMAN> backup tablespace users;

Starting backup at 09-APR-07

using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=19 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_2: sid=16 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3

channel ORA_DISK_3: sid=20 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00009 name=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/USERS01.DBF

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/DIEP4KJ_1_1 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished backup at 09-APR-07

--backup controlfile

RMAN> backup current controlfile;

Starting backup at 09-APR-07

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

using channel ORA_DISK_3

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

including current controlfile in backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 09-APR-07

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/EIEP4ME_1_1 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 2 at 09-APR-07

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 2 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/EIEP4ME_2_1 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 3 at 09-APR-07

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 3 at 09-APR-07

piece handle=C:/USERDEFINE/ORACLE/ORA92/DATABASE/EIEP4ME_3_1 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished backup at 09-APR-07

RMAN>

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