短链接生成完整源码

from flask import Flask, request, redirect, jsonify

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

import string, random

# -----------------------------

# Flask & 数据库初始化

app = Flask(__name__)

app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///shortlinks.db'

app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False

db = SQLAlchemy(app)

# -----------------------------

# 数据库模型

class ShortLink(db.Model):

id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)

short_code = db.Column(db.String(10), unique=True, nullable=False)

original_url = db.Column(db.String(500), nullable=False)

created_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)

expires_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=True)

click_count = db.Column(db.Integer, default=0)

last_accessed = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=True)

def is_expired(self):

return self.expires_at is not None and datetime.utcnow() > self.expires_at

# 创建数据库

with app.app_context():

db.create_all()

# -----------------------------

# 生成随机短码

def generate_short_code(length=6):

chars = string.ascii_letters + string.digits

while True:

code = ''.join(random.choices(chars, k=length))

if not ShortLink.query.filter_by(short_code=code).first():

return code

# -----------------------------

# 创建短链接接口

@app.route('/create', methods=['POST'])

def create_short_link():

data = request.json

original_url = data.get('url')

expire_minutes = data.get('expire_minutes', 0) # 可选过期时间，单位分钟

if not original_url:

return jsonify({"error": "url is required"}), 400

short_code = generate_short_code()

expires_at = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(minutes=expire_minutes) if expire_minutes > 0 else None

link = ShortLink(

short_code=short_code,

original_url=original_url,

expires_at=expires_at

)

db.session.add(link)

db.session.commit()

return jsonify({

"short_url": request.host_url + short_code,

"expires_at": expires_at.isoformat() if expires_at else None

})

# -----------------------------

# 短链接跳转接口

@app.route('/<short_code>')

def redirect_short_link(short_code):

link = ShortLink.query.filter_by(short_code=short_code).first()

if not link:

return "短链接不存在", 404

if link.is_expired():

return "短链接已过期", 410

# 更新统计

link.click_count += 1

link.last_accessed = datetime.utcnow()

db.session.commit()

return redirect(link.original_url)

# -----------------------------

# 统计查询接口

@app.route('/stats/<short_code>')

def stats(short_code):

link = ShortLink.query.filter_by(short_code=short_code).first()

if not link:

return jsonify({"error": "短链接不存在"}), 404

return jsonify({

"original_url": link.original_url,

"click_count": link.click_count,

"created_at": link.created_at.isoformat(),

"last_accessed": link.last_accessed.isoformat() if link.last_accessed else None,

"expires_at": link.expires_at.isoformat() if link.expires_at else None

})

# -----------------------------

if __name__ == "__main__":

app.run(debug=True)

🔹 功能说明

短链接生成：POST /create，JSON 参数示例：

{

"url": "https://example.com",

"expire_minutes": 10

}

短链接跳转：GET /<short_code>，支持过期检测

统计接口：GET /stats/<short_code>，返回点击次数和最后访问时间

短码生成：6位随机字母+数字，保证唯一

ITPub博客

构建一个短链接生成平台（带过期与统计）。

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