1.rlwrap介绍
rlwrap is a 'readline wrapper' that uses the GNU readline library to allow the editing of keyboard input for any other command. Input history is remembered across invocations, separately for each command; history completion and search work as in bash and completion word lists can be specified on the command line.

rlwrap runs the specified command, intercepting user input in order to provide readline’s line editing, persistent history and completion. rlwrap tries to be as transparent as possible, keeping track of command’s terminal settings, so that it can do the right thing when command asks for single keypresses or for a password.

大家应该都知道，在Windows操作系统上可以使用上下键来调用曾经使用过的SQL命令，这样可以比较方便的编辑曾经输入过的命令。因为SQL*Plus只是记录最近执行的一条sql命令，所以Windows上的这个功能给不少在Windows上操作SQL的朋友带来了很大的便利。

突然，有一天（早晚有一天），您发现Windows上这个功能在Linux上不复存在，心中不免有些惆怅。
这时，您有两种选择，
第一种选择是：慢慢适应Linux下SQL*Plus的操作习惯，以Vi编辑器与edit命令结合编辑最近一条使用的SQL（This is a good method.）；
第二种选择是：寻找第三方的小工具来满足这个从Windows上继承下来的“弊病”，这个小文儿就来介绍这样一个辅助小工具，它的名字叫做rlwrap=“readline wrapper”。

本人不建议将这些“小把戏”在生产环境上部署，生产环境应该避免一切“花哨”的设置，否则一旦遇到“潜规则”您可能会死的很壮烈:)

下面就来给大家介绍一下这个小工具。

2.下载rlwrap
下载地址：
%7Ehlub/uck/rlwrap/rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz
~hlub/uck/rlwrap/
先将这个软件（我使用的时候版本是0.30）下载到本地电脑上。

3.从本地电脑将安装介质上传到待安装的服务器上
$ scp rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz root@144.194.192.183:~
root@144.194.192.183's password:
rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz                                                100% 180KB 179.7KB/s   00:00

4.解压该安装介质
[root@testdb183 ~]# gzip -d rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz
[root@testdb183 ~]# tar -xvf rlwrap-0.30.tar
rlwrap-0.30/
rlwrap-0.30/completions/
rlwrap-0.30/completions/ftp
rlwrap-0.30/completions/testclient
rlwrap-0.30/completions/coqtop
rlwrap-0.30/distribution/
rlwrap-0.30/distribution/rlwrap.spec.in
rlwrap-0.30/doc/
rlwrap-0.30/doc/rlwrap.man.in
rlwrap-0.30/doc/Makefile.am
rlwrap-0.30/doc/Makefile.in
rlwrap-0.30/src/
rlwrap-0.30/src/rlwrap.h
rlwrap-0.30/src/redblack.h
rlwrap-0.30/src/malloc_debug.h
rlwrap-0.30/src/completion.rb
rlwrap-0.30/src/Makefile.am
rlwrap-0.30/src/Makefile.in
rlwrap-0.30/src/main.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/signals.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/readline.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/pty.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/completion.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/term.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/ptytty.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/utils.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/string_utils.c
rlwrap-0.30/src/malloc_debug.c
rlwrap-0.30/test/
rlwrap-0.30/test/testclient
rlwrap-0.30/test/testit
rlwrap-0.30/tools/
rlwrap-0.30/tools/config.guess
rlwrap-0.30/tools/config.sub
rlwrap-0.30/tools/depcomp
rlwrap-0.30/tools/install-sh
rlwrap-0.30/tools/missing
rlwrap-0.30/tools/mkinstalldirs
rlwrap-0.30/README
rlwrap-0.30/configure.ac
rlwrap-0.30/aclocal.m4
rlwrap-0.30/Makefile.am
rlwrap-0.30/Makefile.in
rlwrap-0.30/config.h.in
rlwrap-0.30/configure
rlwrap-0.30/AUTHORS
rlwrap-0.30/COPYING
rlwrap-0.30/ChangeLog
rlwrap-0.30/INSTALL
rlwrap-0.30/NEWS
rlwrap-0.30/TODO
rlwrap-0.30/BUGS
[root@testdb183 ~]#

5.安装rlwrap
1）使用加压目录中的configure文件进行配置
[root@testdb183 rlwrap-0.30]# ./configure
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... (cached) yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of executables...
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking for style. of include used by make... GNU
checking dependency style. of gcc... gcc3
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking for perl... /usr/bin/perl
checking for strip... strip
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for sys/wait.h that is POSIX.1 compatible... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for sys/stat.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for memory.h... yes
checking for strings.h... yes
checking for inttypes.h... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking errno.h usability... yes
checking errno.h presence... yes
checking for errno.h... yes
checking fcntl.h usability... yes
checking fcntl.h presence... yes
checking for fcntl.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes
checking for string.h... (cached) yes
checking sched.h usability... yes
checking sched.h presence... yes
checking for sched.h... yes
checking sys/ioctl.h usability... yes
checking sys/ioctl.h presence... yes
checking for sys/ioctl.h... yes
checking for sys/wait.h... (cached) yes
checking stddef.h usability... yes
checking stddef.h presence... yes
checking for stddef.h... yes
checking termios.h usability... yes
checking termios.h presence... yes
checking for termios.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes
checking time.h usability... yes
checking time.h presence... yes
checking for time.h... yes
checking getopt.h usability... yes
checking getopt.h presence... yes
checking for getopt.h... yes
checking curses.h usability... yes
checking curses.h presence... yes
checking for curses.h... yes
checking ncurses/term.h usability... yes
checking ncurses/term.h presence... yes
checking for ncurses/term.h... yes
checking whether term.h exists and compiles... yes
checking whether your getopt() correctly understands double colons in option string... yes
checking for an ANSI C-conforming const... yes
checking for pid_t... yes
checking whether time.h and sys/time.h may both be included... yes
checking whether gcc needs -traditional... no
checking return type of signal handlers... void
checking for getopt_long... yes
checking for select... yes
checking for snprintf... yes
checking for strlcpy... no
checking for strlcat... no
checking for strnlen... yes
checking for sched_yield... yes
checking for getopt_long... (cached) yes
checking for setsid... yes
checking for isastream... yes
checking for mkstemp... yes
checking for system... yes
checking for readlink... yes
checking for setenv... yes
checking for putenv... yes
checking for openpty in -lutil... yes
checking for openpty... yes
checking for getpty... no
checking for grantpt... yes
checking for unlockpt... yes
checking for getpt... yes
checking for pty/tty type... checking pty.h usability... yes
checking pty.h presence... yes
checking for pty.h... yes
OPENPTY
configure: checking for pty ranges...
checking for tgetent... no
checking for tgetent in -lcurses... yes
checking for readline in -lreadline... yes
checking whether your readline knows about rl_set_screen_size... yes
checking whether your readline knows about rl_variable_value... yes
checking whether your readline knows about rl_readline_version... yes
Will rlwrap find command's working directory under /proc//cwd? let's see...
checking for /proc/18843/cwd/configure.ac... yes

configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating doc/Makefile
config.status: creating src/Makefile
config.status: creating doc/rlwrap.man
config.status: creating distribution/rlwrap.spec
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing depfiles commands

Now do:
    make (or gmake) to build rlwrap
    make check       for instructions how to test it
    make install     to install it

2）使用make进行编译
[root@testdb183 rlwrap-0.30]# make
make all-recursive
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30'
Making all in doc
make[2]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/doc'
sed -e 's#@DATADIR@#/usr/local/share#' rlwrap.man > rlwrap.1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/doc'
Making all in src
make[2]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/src'
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT main.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/main.Tpo -c -o main.o main.c
mv -f .deps/main.Tpo .deps/main.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT signals.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/signals.Tpo -c -o signals.o signals.c
mv -f .deps/signals.Tpo .deps/signals.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT readline.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/readline.Tpo -c -o readline.o readline.c
mv -f .deps/readline.Tpo .deps/readline.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT pty.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/pty.Tpo -c -o pty.o pty.c
mv -f .deps/pty.Tpo .deps/pty.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT completion.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/completion.Tpo -c -o completion.o completion.c
mv -f .deps/completion.Tpo .deps/completion.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT term.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/term.Tpo -c -o term.o term.c
mv -f .deps/term.Tpo .deps/term.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT ptytty.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/ptytty.Tpo -c -o ptytty.o ptytty.c
mv -f .deps/ptytty.Tpo .deps/ptytty.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT utils.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/utils.Tpo -c -o utils.o utils.c
mv -f .deps/utils.Tpo .deps/utils.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT string_utils.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/string_utils.Tpo -c -o string_utils.o string_utils.c
mv -f .deps/string_utils.Tpo .deps/string_utils.Po
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..    -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2 -MT malloc_debug.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/malloc_debug.Tpo -c -o malloc_debug.o malloc_debug.c
mv -f .deps/malloc_debug.Tpo .deps/malloc_debug.Po
gcc -DDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share\" -g -O2   -o rlwrap main.o signals.o readline.o pty.o completion.o term.o ptytty.o utils.o string_utils.o malloc_debug.o -lutil -lreadline -lcurses
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/src'
make[2]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `all-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30'

3）使用“make install”进行最后一步的安装
[root@testdb183 rlwrap-0.30]# make install
Making install in doc
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/doc'
make[2]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/doc'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-exec-am'.
test -z "/usr/local/share/man/man1" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/local/share/man/man1"
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 './rlwrap.1' '/usr/local/share/man/man1/rlwrap.1'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/doc'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/doc'
Making install in src
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/src'
make[2]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/src'
test -z "/usr/local/bin" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/local/bin"
/usr/bin/install -c 'rlwrap' '/usr/local/bin/rlwrap'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-data-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/src'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30/src'
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30'
make[2]: Entering directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-exec-am'.
test -z "/usr/local/share/rlwrap" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/local/share/rlwrap"
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'completions/ftp' '/usr/local/share/rlwrap/ftp'
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'completions/testclient' '/usr/local/share/rlwrap/testclient'
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 'completions/coqtop' '/usr/local/share/rlwrap/coqtop'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/rlwrap-0.30'

6.使用rlwrap命令方法
可以参考它的man帮助页：~hlub/uck/rlwrap/man.html
或使用“-h”选项查看简单的帮助信息
ora10g@testdb183 /home/oracle$ rlwrap -h
Usage: rlwrap [options] command ...

Options:
-a[password:]              --always-readline[=password:]
-A                         --ansi-colour-aware
-b                  --break-chars=
-c                         --complete-filenames
-C                 --command-name=
-D <0|1|2>                 --history-no-dupes=<0|1|2>
-f        --file=
-F          --history-format=
-h                         --help
-H                   --history-filename=
-i                         --case-insensitive
-l                   --logfile=
-n                         --no-warnings
-p[ANSI colour spec]       --prompt-colour[=ANSI colour spec]
-P                  --pre-given=
-q                  --quote-characters=
-m[newline substitute]     --multi-line[=newline substitute]
-r                         --remember
-v                         --version
-s                      --histsize= (negative: readonly)
-t                   --set-term-name=

bug reports, suggestions, updates:
~hlub/uck/rlwrap/

上面的信息有点复杂了，其实我们很简单，只要在输入sqlplus之前加上rlwrap就可以了。演示如下：
ora10g@testdb183 /home/oracle$ rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Sep 7 14:23:43 2009

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP and Data Mining Scoring Engine options

sys@ora10g>

OK，到此，已经进入到了sqlplus中，从今往后，在这里输入的任何的单行信息都会被记录（即使是你输入错误的命令也会被记录，它的策略很简单）。
使用上下箭头就可以调用之前曾经输入过的SQL命令啦。

7.rlwrap工具使用特点
1）即使退出重新登陆到sqlplus或rman中，之前的命令仍然被记录，仍然可被使用
2）这只是一个按行进行记录的工具，如果您的SQL是多行组成的，使用这个上下箭头来查看历史命令就不是很方便了。还是要使用edit命令调用Vi或Vim来进行编辑来的直接一些。

8.小结
rlwrap工具不但可以记录sqlplus命令，而且可以记录rman命令，使设置永久生效的方法是，将下面的同名放入到用户配置文件（Linux是~/.bash_profile）中。
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'

Pls enjoy it.

secooler
09.09.07

-- The End --

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【rlwrap】Linux上实现Windows的SQL*Plus保存SQL历史记录功能

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