前面我做了 11g 异机恢复实验（就是同一台机器不同目录的方式来模拟），本次实验在 12c 的环境下完成异机的恢复工作。

1 、系统环境

操作系统： CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908

数据库： Version 12.1.0.2.0

目录变换

数据目录： /oradata /oradata/orclnew

归档目录： /archivelog /archivelognew

闪回目录： /falsh_recovery /flash_recoverynew

2 、备份原库（ /home/oracle/backup ）

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

allocate channel c3 type disk;

allocate channel c4 type disk;

backup as compressed backupset tag='full_backup' format '/home/oracle/backup/full_db_%U_%T' database;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/backup/archivelog_%U_%T' delete all input;

backup current controlfile tag='ctl_file' format='/home/oracle/backup/ctl_file_%U_%T';

backup spfile tag='spfile' format='/home/oracle/backup/spfile_%U_%T';

report obsolete;

delete noprompt obsolete;

crosscheck backup;

delete noprompt expired backup;

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

release channel c4;

}

[oracle@db1 backup]$ ll

total 649888

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10382336 Jan 25 09:36 archivelog_0j0k5ho8_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2560 Jan 25 09:36 archivelog_0k0k5ho8_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 17891328 Jan 25 09:36 ctl_file_0l0k5ho9_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1073152 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_020k5hn2_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 159014912 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_030k5hn2_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 105201664 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_040k5hn2_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1081344 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_050k5hn3_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1105920 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_060k5hn3_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1105920 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_070k5hn3_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1105920 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_080k5hn4_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 64159744 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_090k5hn4_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 64159744 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_0a0k5hn4_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 64167936 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_0b0k5hnk_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 40525824 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_0c0k5hnk_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 40542208 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_0d0k5hnk_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 40525824 Jan 25 09:35 full_db_0e0k5hnn_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 53338112 Jan 25 09:36 full_db_0f0k5hnu_1_1_20220125

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 98304 Jan 25 09:36 spfile_0m0k5hoc_1_1_20220125

现状：

SYS@orcl>select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name from cdb_data_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------

1 /oradata/orcl/system01.dbf SYSTEM

3 /oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX

5 /oradata/orcl/undotbs1.dbf UNDOTBS1

6 /oradata/orcl/user01.dbf USERS

8 /oradata/orcl/pdb1/system01.dbf SYSTEM

9 /oradata/orcl/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX

10 /oradata/orcl/pdb1/user01.dbf USERS

11 /oradata/orcl/pdb1/data.dbf DATA

12 /oradata/orcl/pdb2/system01.dbf SYSTEM

13 /oradata/orcl/pdb2/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX

14 /oradata/orcl/pdb2/user01.dbf USERS

11 rows selected.

SYS@orcl>select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name from cdb_temp_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------

1 /oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf TEMP

4 /oradata/orcl/pdb2/temp01.dbf TEMP

3 /oradata/orcl/pdb1/temp01.dbf TEMP

3 、恢复到测试机

目标主机参数文件

[oracle@db1 ~]$ cat 4.sql

orcl.__data_transfer_cache_size=0

orcl.__db_cache_size=956301312

orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216

orcl.__large_pool_size=33554432

orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=738197504

orcl.__sga_target=1409286144

orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=67108864

orcl.__shared_pool_size=318767104

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='12.1.0'

*.control_files='/oradata/orclnew/control01.ctl','/oradata/orclnew/control02.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/flash_recoverynew'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G

*.db_securefile='PREFERRED'

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'

*.enable_pluggable_database=true

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/archivelognew'

*.memory_target=2G

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

创建文件目录

[root@db1 ~]# mkdir -p /oradata/orclnew /flash_recoverynew /archivelognew

[root@db1 ~]# chmod 775 /oradata/orclnew /flash_recoverynew /archivelognew -R

[root@db1 ~]# chown oracle:oinstall /oradata/orclnew /flash_recoverynew /archivelognew -R

[root@db1 ~]#cd /oradata/orclnew

[root@db1 orclnew]# mkdir -p pdbseed pdb1 pdb2

[root@db1 orclnew]# chmod 775 pdbseed pdb1 pdb2 -R

[root@db1 orclnew]# chown oracle:oinstall pdbseed pdb1 pdb2 -R

SYS@orcl>create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/4.sql';

File created.

SYS@orcl>startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes

Fixed Size 2926472 bytes

Variable Size 1174407288 bytes

Database Buffers 956301312 bytes

Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes

恢复控制：

[oracle@db1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Jan 25 09:51:05 2022

connected to target database: ORCL (not mounted)

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/backup/ctl_file_0l0k5ho9_1_1_20220125';

Starting restore at 25-JAN-22

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=131 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

output file name=/oradata/orclnew/control01.ctl

output file name=/oradata/orclnew/control02.ctl

Finished restore at 25-JAN-22

[oracle@db1 oradata]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Jan 25 09:52:40 2022

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SYS@orcl>alter database mount;

Database altered.

恢复数据文件：

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

allocate channel c3 type disk;

allocate channel c4 type disk;

set newname for datafile 1 to '/oradata/orclnew/pdb2/system01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 3 to '/oradata/orclnew/pdb2/sysaux01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 5 to '/oradata/orclnew/pdb2/user01.dbf ';

set newname for datafile 6 to '/oradata/orclnew/pdb1/system01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 8 to '/oradata/orclnew/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 9 to '/oradata/orclnew/pdb1/user01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 10 to '/oradata/orclnew/pdb1/data.dbf';

set newname for datafile 11 to '/oradata/orclnew/system01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 12 to '/oradata/orclnew/sysaux01.dbf';

set newname for datafile 13 to '/oradata/orclnew/undotbs1.dbf';

set newname for datafile 14 to '/oradata/orclnew/user01.dbf';

restore database;

switch datafile all;

recover database;

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

release channel c4;

}

SYS@orcl>alter database open resetlogs;

SYS@orcl>show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 MOUNTED

4 PDB2 MOUNTED

4 、检查各项参数，确认是否正确

cdb pdb 临时文件（新建 temp 文件）

[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Jan 25 10:42:58 2022

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SYS@orcl>create temporary tablespace temp101 tempfile '/oradata/orclnew/temp101.dbf' size 200m autoextend on maxsize 2g;

SYS@orcl>alter database default temporary tablespace temp101;

SYS@orcl>conn sys/oracle@pdb1 as sysdba

SYS@pdb1>create temporary tablespace temp201 tempfile '/oradata/orclnew/temp201.dbf' size 200m autoextend on maxsize 2g;

SYS@pdb1>alter database default temporary tablespace temp201;

SYS@orcl>show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 MOUNTED

4 PDB2 MOUNTED

SYS@orcl>select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name from cdb_temp_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------

5 /oradata/orclnew/temp101.dbf TEMP101

redolog 文件（新建 redolog ）

alter database add logfile '/oradata/orclnew/redo10.log' size 50m;

alter database add logfile '/oradata/orclnew/redo11.log' size 50m;

alter database add logfile '/oradata/orclnew/redo12.log' size 50m;

pdbseed （发现恢复后 pdbseed 文件为空，怎么办？）

cdb 启动到 mount 状态

alter database rename file '/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf' to '/oradata/orclnew/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf' ;

alter database rename file '/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/system01.dbf' to '/oradata/orclnew/pdbseed/system01.dbf' ;

alter database rename file '/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/temp01.dbf' to '/oradata/orclnew/pdbseed/temp01.dbf' ;

alter database rename file '/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/user01.dbf' to '/oradata/orclnew/pdbseed/user01.dbf' ;

删除原有 redolog （通过切换 redolog ）

alter system switch logfile;

alter system checkpoint;

alter database drop logfile to group 1;

alter database drop logfile to group 2;

alter database drop logfile to group 3;

SYS@orcl>select *from v$logfile;

GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_ CON_ID

---------- ------- ------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --- ----------

4 ONLINE /oradata/orclnew/redo10.log NO 0

5 ONLINE /oradata/orclnew/redo11.log NO 0

6 ONLINE /oradata/orclnew/redo12.log NO 0

测试创建 pdb 库，检查 pdbseed 是否可用：

SYS@orcl>show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO

4 PDB2 READ WRITE NO

SYS@orcl>create pluggable database pdb3 admin user pdb3 identified by pdb3 file_name_convert=('/oradata/orclnew/pdbseed','/oradata/orclnew/pdb3/');

Pluggable database created.

SYS@orcl>show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO

4 PDB2 READ WRITE NO

5 PDB3 MOUNTED

SYS@orcl>alter pluggable database pdb3 open;

Pluggable database altered.

SYS@orcl>show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO

4 PDB2 READ WRITE NO

5 PDB3 READ WRITE NO

SYS@orcl>select file_name from cdb_temp_files;

FILE_NAME

------------------------------------------------------------

/oradata/orclnew/temp301.dbf

/oradata/orclnew/temp101.dbf

/oradata/orclnew/temp201.dbf

/oradata/orclnew/pdb3/temp01.dbf

SYS@orcl>select file_name,tablespace_name from cdb_temp_files;

FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------

/oradata/orclnew/temp101.dbf TEMP101

/oradata/orclnew/pdb3/temp01.dbf TEMP

/oradata/orclnew/temp301.dbf TEMP301

/oradata/orclnew/temp201.dbf TEMP201

总结：比起 11g 异机恢复， 12c 的异机恢复多了 pdbseed 种子库的迁移，其他过程没有区别。（注意：查看整个库中的文件使用 cdb_data_files cdb_temp_files 视图）

Yicheng16
22.01.25

-- The End --

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【12c 库异机恢复】实验

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