首页 > > > MySQL 用 limit 为什么会影响性能?
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mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.7.17 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (.00 sec)
mysql> desc test;
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| val | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | | |
| source | int(10) unsigned | NO | | | |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set (.00 sec)
mysql> select count(*) from test;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 5242882 |
+----------+
1 row in set (4.25 sec)
mysql> select * from test where val=4 limit 300000,5;
+---------+-----+--------+
| id | val | source |
+---------+-----+--------+
| 3327622 | 4 | 4 |
| 3327632 | 4 | 4 |
| 3327642 | 4 | 4 |
| 3327652 | 4 | 4 |
| 3327662 | 4 | 4 |
+---------+-----+--------+
5 rows in set (15.98 sec)
mysql> select * from test a inner join (select id from test where val=4 limit 300000,5) b on a.id=b.id;
+---------+-----+--------+---------+
| id | val | source | id |
+---------+-----+--------+---------+
| 3327622 | 4 | 4 | 3327622 |
| 3327632 | 4 | 4 | 3327632 |
| 3327642 | 4 | 4 | 3327642 |
| 3327652 | 4 | 4 | 3327652 |
| 3327662 | 4 | 4 | 3327662 |
+---------+-----+--------+---------+
5 rows in set (.38 sec)


select * from test where val=4 limit 300000,5是扫描300005个索引节点和300005个聚簇索引上的数据节点,我们需要知道MySQL有没有办法统计在一个sql中通过索引节点查询数据节点的次数。我先试了Handler_read_*系列,很遗憾没有一个变量能满足条件。select * from test a inner join (select id from test where val=4 limit 300000,5) b>之后,buffer pool中的数据页的数量远远少于select * from test where val=4 limit 300000,5;对应的数量,因为前一个sql只访问5次数据页,而后一个sql访问300005次数据页。select * from test where val=4 limit 300000,5mysql> select index_name,count(*) from information_schema.INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE where INDEX_NAME in('val','primary') and TABLE_NAME like '%test%' group by index_name;
Empty set (.04 sec)
mysql> select * from test where val=4 limit 300000,5;
+---------+-----+--------+
| id | val | source |
+---------+-----+--------+
| 3327622 | 4 | 4 |
| 3327632 | 4 | 4 |
| 3327642 | 4 | 4 |
| 3327652 | 4 | 4 |
| 3327662 | 4 | 4 |
+---------+-----+--------+
5 rows in set (26.19 sec)
mysql> select index_name,count(*) from information_schema.INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE where INDEX_NAME in('val','primary') and TABLE_NAME like '%test%' group by index_name;
+------------+----------+
| index_name | count(*) |
+------------+----------+
| PRIMARY | 4098 |
| val | 208 |
+------------+----------+
2 rows in set (.04 sec)
select * from test a inner join (select id from test where val=4 limit 300000,5) b>为了防止上次试验的影响,我们需要清空buffer pool,重启mysql。mysqladmin shutdown
/usr/local/bin/mysqld_safe &
mysql> select index_name,count(*) from information_schema.INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE where INDEX_NAME in('val','primary') and TABLE_NAME like '%test%' group by index_name;
Empty set (.03 sec)
运行sql: mysql> select * from test a inner join (select id from test where val=4 limit 300000,5) b on a.id=b.id;
+---------+-----+--------+---------+
| id | val | source | id |
+---------+-----+--------+---------+
| 3327622 | 4 | 4 | 3327622 |
| 3327632 | 4 | 4 | 3327632 |
| 3327642 | 4 | 4 | 3327642 |
| 3327652 | 4 | 4 | 3327652 |
| 3327662 | 4 | 4 | 3327662 |
+---------+-----+--------+---------+
5 rows in set (.09 sec)
mysql> select index_name,count(*) from information_schema.INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE where INDEX_NAME in('val','primary') and TABLE_NAME like '%test%' group by index_name;
+------------+----------+
| index_name | count(*) |
+------------+----------+
| PRIMARY | 5 |
| val | 390 |
+------------+----------+
2 rows in set (.03 sec)
<END>
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