一．启动和停止集群
   在Oracle 11gR2 下的RAC，架构发生了变化。CRS的信息也是放在ASM 实例里的，所以要关asm,必须关闭crs, 如果还使用了acfs的话，一关crs那么acfs里的信息也不能访问了，所以一般不重启机器，不轻易关crs, 其他的service可以根据自己的需要去stop/start。
 
注意：
11g RAC 开启资源相对比较慢(即使命令后面显示的资源都start succeeded,通过crs_stat -t查看都不一定online), 需要耐心并查看log。
  
1.1 使用crsctl stop has/crsctl stopcrs
用root用户，在Oracle11gR2中停止和启动集群的命令如下：
#crsctl stop has [-f]
#crsctl start has
 
注意：
    对于crsctl stop has 只有一个可选的参数就是-f，该命令只能停执行该命令服务器上的HAS.而不能停所有节点上的。所以要把RAC 全部停掉，需要在所有节点执行该命令。
 
下面的2个命令：使用crs 和 使用has 效果是完全一样的：
#crsctl stop crs [-f]
#crsctl start crs
 
 
示例：
--停止HAS
[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl stophas
CRS-2791:Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.crsd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2790:Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.OCRVOTING.dg' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.sdd.db' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.oc4j' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.cvu' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672:Attempting to start 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac2'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672:Attempting to start 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'rac2'
CRS-2676:Start of 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'rac2' succeeded
CRS-2676:Start of 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac2' succeeded
CRS-2672:Attempting to start 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'rac2'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.sdd.db' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.DATA.dg' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.FRA.dg' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676:Start of 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'rac2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.FRA.dg' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.DATA.dg' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.oc4j' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672:Attempting to start 'ora.oc4j' on 'rac2'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.cvu' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672:Attempting to start 'ora.cvu' on 'rac2'
CRS-2676:Start of 'ora.cvu' on 'rac2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.OCRVOTING.dg' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.asm' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676:Start of 'ora.oc4j' on 'rac2' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.ons' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.ons' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.net1.network' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.net1.network' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2792:Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'rac1' has completed
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.crsd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.evmd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.mdnsd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.asm' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.crf' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.crf' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.gipcd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stopof 'ora.gpnpd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2793:Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'rac1' hascompleted
CRS-4133:Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
[root@rac1bin]#
 
注意：
       我这里测试的是Oracle11gR2的环境，我们在节点1上执行该命令，只把节点1上的进程停了，而把相关的资源转移到我们的节点2上了，因此也证实了我们上面的说的，该命令只争对当前服务器有效。
 
--启动HAS：
[root@rac1bin]# ./crsctl start has
CRS-4123:Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
[root@rac1bin]#
 
从上面看只是启动了HAS。实际上后面会把Oracle Restart 管理的资源都会启动。这个可以使用crs_stat命令来进程验证，不过Oracle 11g的进程启动过程比较慢，需要耐心等待。
 
[root@rac1u01]# sh crs_stat.sh
Name                           Target     State     Host     
---------------------------------------- ---------  -------  
ora.DATA.dg                    ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.FRA.dg                     ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.LISTENER.lsnr              ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr        ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.OCRVOTING.dg               ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.asm                        ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.cvu                        ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.gsd                        OFFLINE    OFFLINE             
ora.net1.network               ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.oc4j                       ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.ons                        ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.rac1.ASM1.asm              ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.rac1.LISTENER_RAC1.lsnr    ONLINE    ONLINE     rac1     
ora.rac1.gsd                   OFFLINE    OFFLINE             
ora.rac1.ons                   ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.rac1.vip                   ONLINE     ONLINE    rac1     
ora.rac2.ASM2.asm              ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.rac2.LISTENER_RAC2.lsnr    ONLINE    ONLINE     rac2     
ora.rac2.gsd                   OFFLINE    OFFLINE             
ora.rac2.ons                   ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.rac2.vip                   ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.scan1.vip                  ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.sdd.db &n, bsp;                   ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2  
 
 
1.2 使用crsctl stop cluster [-all]…
该命令的语法如下：
crsctl stop cluster [[-all]|[-n[...]]] [-f]
crsctl start cluster [[-all]|[-n[...]]]
 
与1.1 节最大的不同，该参数支持的选项更多，可以同时操控所有的节点。如果不指定参数，那么只对当前节点有效。
 
如：
[root@rac1 ~]# ./crsctl start cluster -n rac1 rac2
 
--停止当前节点集群：
[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl stop cluster
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crsd' on'rac1'
CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of ClusterReady Services-managed resources on 'rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop'ora.OCRVOTING.dg' on 'rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.sdd.db'on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.rac1.vip'on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac2'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.sdd.db' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.DATA.dg'on 'rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.FRA.dg'on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac2'succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.FRA.dg' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.DATA.dg' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.OCRVOTING.dg' on'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ons' on'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ons' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop'ora.net1.network' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.net1.network' on'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster ReadyServices-managed resources on 'rac1' has completed
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crsd' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on'rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on'rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on'rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1'succeeded
[root@rac1 bin]#
 
这里只停了节点1，相关进程全飘到节点2了，如下：
[root@rac2 u01]# sh crs_stat.sh
Name                           Target     State     Host     
------------------------------ -------------------  -------  
ora.DATA.dg                    ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.FRA.dg                     ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.LISTENER.lsnr              ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr        ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.OCRVOTING.dg               ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.asm                        ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.cvu                        ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.gsd                        OFFLINE    OFFLINE             
ora.net1.network               ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.oc4j                       ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.ons                        ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.rac1.ASM1.asm              ONLINE     OFFLINE             
ora.rac1.LISTENER_RAC1.lsnr    ONLINE    OFFLINE             
ora.rac1.gsd                   OFFLINE    OFFLINE             
ora.rac1.ons                   ONLINE     OFFLINE             
ora.rac1.vip                   ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.rac2.ASM2.asm              ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.rac2.LISTENER_RAC2.lsnr    ONLINE    ONLINE     rac2     
ora.rac2.gsd                   OFFLINE    OFFLINE             
ora.rac2.ons                   ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.rac2.vip                   ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.scan1.vip                  ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
ora.sdd.db                     ONLINE     ONLINE    rac2     
 
--启用当前节点：
[root@rac1 bin]#./crsctl start cluster
CRS-2672: Attempting to start'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on'rac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon'on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd'on 'rac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.evmd' on'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.evmd' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crsd' on'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crsd' on 'rac1'succeeded
[root@rac1 bin]#
 
1.3 检查集群的状态
 
--简单的输出:
[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl check cluster
[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl check crs
 
--详细的信息:
# crs_stat -t
 
 
使用crsctl check crs命令，如下：
[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Servicesis online
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Servicesis online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
 
[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl check cluster
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Servicesis online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
二．停止和启动Resource
在第一节中，看到直接停止集群，相关的Resource 也会被停止。 但一些实际情况下，我们操作更多的是对某些资源的操作。具体就是使用SRVCTL 命令
 
1.1. 官网说明
SRVCTL Command Reference for Oracle Restart
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e25494/restart005.htm
 
查看命令帮助：
Srvclt –h
 
这个命令显示的结果太长，不好查看，可以进一步的查看帮助：
 
--使用-h：
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start -h
 
The SRVCTL start command starts, OracleClusterware enabled, non-running objects.
 
Usage: srvctl start database -d [-o ] [-n ]
Usage: srvctl start instance -d {-n [-i ] | -i } [-o]
Usage: srvctl start service -d [-s "" [-n | -i ] ] [-o ]
Usage: srvctl start nodeapps [-n ][-g] [-v]
Usage: srvctl start vip { -n | -i } [-v]
Usage: srvctl start asm [-n] [-o ]
Usage: srvctl start listener [-l] [-n ]
Usage: srvctl start scan [-i] [-n ]
Usage: srvctl start scan_listener [-n] [-i ]
Usage: srvctl start oc4j [-v]
Usage: srvctl start home -o -s -n
Usage: srvctl start filesystem -d [-n ]
Usage: srvctl start diskgroup -g [-n ""]
Usage: srvctl start gns [-l] [-n ] [-v]
Usage: srvctl start cvu [-n]
For detailed help on each command andobject and its options use:
 srvctl