Oracle Internal Events:

Introduction:(简介)

有四种类型的Events:

Immediate dumps

Conditional dumps

Trace dumps

Events that change database behaviour

每一个事件都有一个号跟Oracle的错误信息是一样的.如10046和ORA-10046

每一个事件都有一个Level,可以是以下:

范围1到10

位标 0x01 0x02 0x04 0x08 0x10

标识 0=off,1=on

ID号 对象ID(object id),内存地址(memory address)

要注意的是,Events在每一个版本之间都有所改变.有一些存在的事件可能存在争议性或者已经不可用了,往往这些事件号会由新的事件所替代掉.也要注意在当前的版本中message file不一定可以反映出Events.

很多Events都会影响数据库的行为,一些测试Events极有可能导致数据库DOWN掉.所以,在没有Oracle Support的前提下,最好不要在PRO系统上做Events操作.DEV系统上如果要做Events最好先做个数据库的全备份.

Enabling Events(Enable事件)

Events可以在Instance一级Enabled,主要是在INIT.ORA文件中做操作:

event='event trace name context forever, level level';

(红色部分:event指事件号.level指定事件的级别)

一次可以Enable多个事件,可以用以下两种方式:

1. 用一个冒号隔开

event = "10248 trace name context forever, level 10:10249 trace name context forever, level 10"

2. 两个Events分开写

event="10248 trace name context forever, level 10"

event="10249 trace name context forever, level 10"#一些版本的Oracle，event要一样的大小写

Events也可以在Instance一级用ALTER SYSTEM命令来Enable:

ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS 'event trace name context forever, level level';

　在Instance一级用以下Disable

ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS 'event trace name context off';

Events也可以在Session一级用ALTER SESSION命令来Enable:

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS 'event trace name context forever, level level';

在Session一级用以下命令Disable:

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS 'event trace name context off';

Events在其他的Session用ORADEBUG来Enable:

在一个Process中实现Enable:

ORADEBUG EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL level

在某个进程中Enable:

ORADEBUG SETORAPID 8(PID进程号)

ORADEBUG EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL level

以下命令Disable:

ORADEBUG EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT OFF

在Session中实现Enable:

ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL level

在Session中实现Disable:

ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT OFF

Events也可以用DBMS_SYSTEM.SETEV包来实现Enable和Disable

(在做之前要先从V$session视图中获得SID和Serial#)

用以下方式:EXECUTE DBMS_SYSTEM.SET_EV(SID,Serial#,event,level, '')

如EXECUTE dbms_system.set_ev (9,29,10046,8,'');

要Disable则将level改为0,如: EXECUTE dbms_system.set_ev (9,29,10046,0,'');

Listing All Events:(列出所有可用的Events)

大部分的Events number的范围都在10000到10999.可以用以下命令Dump出所有的信息

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON

DECLARE

err_msg VARCHAR2(120);

BEGIN

dbms_output.enable (1000000);

FOR err_num IN 10000..10999

LOOP

err_msg := SQLERRM (-err_num);

IF err_msg NOT LIKE '%Message '||err_num||' not found%' THEN

dbms_output.put_line (err_msg);

END IF;

END LOOP;

END;

/

在UNIX系统下message文件在底下目录$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msg

在NT系统下message文件在底下目录$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msg

Listing Enabled Events(列出Enabled Events)

用以下命令列出在当前Session已经Enabled Events:

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON

DECLARE

l_level NUMBER;

BEGIN

FOR l_event IN 10000..10999

LOOP

dbms_system.read_ev (l_event,l_level);

IF l_level > 0 THEN

dbms_output.put_line ('Event '||TO_CHAR (l_event)||

' is set at level '||TO_CHAR (l_level));

END IF;

END LOOP;

END;

/

常用Events的参考:(红色的为最常用的而且对DBA比较有用的Events)

Event 10013 - Monitor Transaction Recovery------在Startup时跟踪事务恢复

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10013 trace name context forever, level 1';

Event 10015 - Dump Undo Segment Headers----在事务恢复后做Dump回退段头信息

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10015 trace name context forever, level 1';

Event 10032 - Dump Sort Statistics----Dump排序的统计信息,level 10是最详细的

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10032 trace name context forever, level 10';

Event 10033 - Dump Sort Intermediate Run Statistics—level 10(不明白)

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10033 trace name context forever, level 10';

Event 10045 - Trace Free List Management Operations—跟踪Freelist

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10045 trace name context forever, level 1';

Event 10046 - Enable SQL Statement Trace---跟踪SQL,有执行计划,邦定变量和等待的统计信息,level 12最详细

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10046 trace name context forever, level 12';

级别level参考如下图:

Event 10053 - Dump Optimizer Decisions---在分析SQL语句时,Dump出优化器所做的选择,级别level 1最详细

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10053 trace name context forever, level 1';

参考level:

Event 10060 - Dump Predicates---(参考http://www.juliandyke.com/)

Event 10065 - Restrict Library Cache Dump Output for State Object Dumps-(参考http://www.juliandyke.com/)

Event 10079 - Dump SQL*Net Statistics---Dump SQL*NeT的统计信息

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10079 trace name context forever, level 2';

Event 10081 - Trace High Water Mark Changes—跟踪HWM的改变

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10081 trace name context forever, level 1';

Event 10104 - Dump Hash Join Statistics—Dump HASH JOIN的统计信息,用level 10

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10104 trace name context forever, level 10';

Event 10128 - Dump Partition Pruning Information—Dump分区表信息

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10128 trace name context forever, level level';

Level参考

在9.0.1或者后面的版本,在level 2后还需要建立如下的表:

CREATE TABLE kkpap_pruning

    (

            partition_count    NUMBER,

            iterator           VARCHAR2(32),

            partition_level      VARCHAR2(32),

              order_pt             VARCHAR2(12),

            call_time               VARCHAR2(12),

           part#               NUMBER,

            subp#              NUMBER,

            abs#               NUMBER

       );

Event 10200 - Dump Consistent Reads---Dump出一致读的信息

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10200 trace name context forever, level 1';

Ev