Yesterday I sent a question about the password file name & SYSDBA to Metalink.oracle.com.

The question was that SYS couldn't grant SYSDBA to another user and client couldn't login by SYSDBA. as follows:

[@more@]

SQL> grant sysdba to shiyihai;
grant sysdba to shiyihai

第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01994: GRANT 失败: 口令文件缺失或已禁用"

SQL> conn system/manager@db134
Connected.
SQL> conn sys/sys@db134 as sysdba
ERROR:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges


Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.
SQL>

With the help of the Oracle Global Customer Services I Resolved this problem.

The name of the password file wasn't right!(here is "orapwdora10g.ora")
under Windows the password file name must be pwdSID.ora.

notes:

UNIX : PASSWORDFILE AUTHENTICATION
==================================

1] To create a passwordfile on Unix:

$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password= [entries=] [force=y|n]

2] REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE = EXCLUSIVE / SHARED

3] To list users recorded in the passwordfile with SYSDBA and SYSOPER privileges:

SQL> select * from v$pwfile_users;

4] After recreating the passwordfile, the database needs to be restarted. *)

5] Grant SYSDBA or SYSOPER to users to add them to the passwordfile in case
it is exclusive.

References:
-----------

Note 1029539.6 UNIX: How to Set up the Oracle Password File
Note 184696.1 Adding Users to Passwordfile Using Passwordfile Authentication
Note 185703.1 How to Avoid Common Flaws and Errors Using Passwordfile

WINDOWS : PASSWORDFILE AUTHENTICATION
=====================================

1] To create a passwordfile on Windows:

C:> ORAPWD file=DATABASEPWD.ORA password= [entries=] [force=y|n]

2] To list users recorded in the passwordfile with SYSDBA and SYSOPER privileges:

SQL> select * from v$pwfile_users;

3] remote_login_passwordfile = EXCLUSIVE / SHARED

4] After recreating the passwordfile, the database needs to be restarted. *)

5] Grant SYSDBA or SYSOPER to users to add them to the passwordfile in case
it is exclusive.