由于最近有接触一些迁移项目，所以在搭建 DG 的过程中，难免会遇到一些场景需要在 Redhat 7 下安装 Oracle 11g 的 RAC，此处特意整理了一下所遇到的问题，分享出来

# 安装 GRID 前，处理 ohasd 问题

1. 编辑 ohasd

```shell
   vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service
   ```

```shell
   [Unit]
   Description=Oracle High Availability Services
   After=syslog.target
   
   [Service]
   ExecStart=/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple
   Restart=always
   
   [Install]
   WantedBy=multi-user.target
   ```

2. 赋权

```shell
   chmod 777 /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service
   ```

3. 以 root 用户运行下面的命令

```shell
   systemctl daemon-reload
   systemctl enable ohas.service
   systemctl start ohas.service
   ```

4. 查看运行状态

```shell
   systemctl status ohas.service
   ```

此时状态为失败，原因是现在还没有 /etc/init.d/init.ohasd 文件。

```shell
   ● ohas.service - Oracle High Availability Services
      Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
      Active: failed (Result: start-limit) since Thu 2022-04-07 00:06:36 CST; 7s ago
     Process: 8844 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
    Main PID: 8844 (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
   
   Apr 07 00:06:35 model7.9 systemd[1]: ohas.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
   Apr 07 00:06:35 model7.9 systemd[1]: Unit ohas.service entered failed state.
   Apr 07 00:06:35 model7.9 systemd[1]: ohas.service failed.
   Apr 07 00:06:36 model7.9 systemd[1]: ohas.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.
   Apr 07 00:06:36 model7.9 systemd[1]: Stopped Oracle High Availability Services.
   Apr 07 00:06:36 model7.9 systemd[1]: start request repeated too quickly for ohas.service
   Apr 07 00:06:36 model7.9 systemd[1]: Failed to start Oracle High Availability Services.
   Apr 07 00:06:36 model7.9 systemd[1]: Unit ohas.service entered failed state.
   Apr 07 00:06:36 model7.9 systemd[1]: ohas.service failed.
   ```

# 运行 root.sh 时存在 BUG，需要打补丁包

需使用补丁 18370031 来修复

1. 解压补丁包

```shell
   unzip -q p18370031_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip
   ```

2. 开始安装补丁，两个节点都需要执行

```shell
   opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /soft/18370031 -silent

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.31
   Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
    
   Oracle Home       : /u01/app/grid
   Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
      from           : /u01/app/grid/oraInst.loc
   OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.31
   OUI version       : 11.2.0.4.0
   Log file location : /u01/app/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2022-04-11_18-04-49PM_1.log
   
   Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
   
   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Start OOP by Prereq process.
   Launch OOP...
   
   Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.31
   Copyright (c) 2022, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
   
   Oracle Home       : /u01/app/grid
   Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
      from           : /u01/app/grid/oraInst.loc
   OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.31
   OUI version       : 11.2.0.4.0
   Log file location : /u01/app/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2022-04-11_18-04-55PM_1.log
   
   Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
   OPatch continues with these patches:   18370031  
   
   Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
   Y (auto-answered by -silent)
   User Responded with: Y
   All checks passed.
   
   Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
   (Oracle Home = '/u01/app/grid')
   
   Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
   Y (auto-answered by -silent)
   User Responded with: Y
   Backing up files...
   Applying interim patch '18370031' to OH '/u01/app/grid'
   
   Patching component oracle.crs, 11.2.0.4.0...
   Patch 18370031 successfully applied.
   Log file location: /u01/app/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2022-04-11_18-04-55PM_1.log
   
   OPatch succeeded.
   ```

3. 打好补丁后，开始执行 root.sh 脚本：（rac01&rac02）

```shell
   /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
   /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
   ```

```
   [root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
   Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
   Adding read,write permissions for group.
   Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
   
   Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
   The execution of the script is complete.
   [root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/grid/root.sh
   Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g 
   
   The following environment variables are set as:
       ORACLE_OWNER= grid
       ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/grid
   
   Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
      Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
      Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
      Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   
   Creating /etc/oratab file...
   Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
   Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
   Finished running generic part of root script.
   Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
   
   To configure Grid Infrastructure for a Stand-Alone Server run the following command as the root user:
   /u01/app/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/grid/crs/install /u01/app/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl
   
   To configure Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster execute the following command:
   /u01/app/grid/crs/config/config.sh
   This command launches the Grid Infrastructure Configuration Wizard. The wizard also supports silent operation, and the parameters can be passed through the response file that is available in the installation media.
   ```

4. 根据说明，运行has脚本或config脚本

```shell
   /u01/app/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/grid/crs/install /u01/app/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl
   ```

```text
   Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
   Creating trace directory
   User ignored Prerequisites during installation
   LOCAL ADD MODE 
   Creating OCR keys for user 'grid', privgrp 'oinstall'..
   Operation successful.
   LOCAL ONLY MODE 
   Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
   Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
   Operation successful.
   CRS-4664: Node node1 successfully pinned.
   Adding Clusterware entries to oracle-ohasd.service
   
   node1     2022/04/11 18:11:07     /u01/app/grid/cdata/node1/backup_20220411_181107.olr
   Successfully configured Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server
   ```

# 安装 DB 软件过程中处理报错：ins_emagent.mk

需要修改文件 /sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk 来修复！

两个节点都执行以下命令，然后点击继续：

```shell
sed -i 's/^$\s*\$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)$\s*$/\1 -lnnz11/g' "$ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk"
```

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Oracle：Redhat 7 + Oracle RAC 11g 安装 bug 总结

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