恢复可以在 数据库处于 open 或 mount 状态下进行，只需4个步骤
1. 将该数据文件置于 offline 状
2. 还原数据文件（指定数据文件编号）
3. 恢复数据文件
4. 将数据文件 online
-----查看数据文件的状态
SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME ONLINE_
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/users01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/system01.dbf SYSTEM
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/example01.dbf ONLINE
6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/ogg_01.dbf ONLINE
7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/receiver_01.dbf ONLINE
-----模拟破坏数据文件5号
[oracle@ogg-80 ogg]$ mv example01.dbf example01.dbf.bak
1 离线数据文件
RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 5 offline';
------查看离线后的状态，这里状态变成了 recover
SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME ONLINE_
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/users01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/system01.dbf SYSTEM
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/example01.dbf RECOVER
6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/ogg_01.dbf ONLINE
7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/receiver_01.dbf ONLINE
2.还原数据文件
RMAN> restore datafile 5;
RMAN> restore datafile 5;
3.恢复数据文件
RMAN> recover datafile 5; ----这里是应用日志
-----恢复完成在查看状态，这里的状态变成了offline
SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME ONLINE_
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/users01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/system01.dbf SYSTEM
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/example01.dbf OFFLINE
6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/ogg_01.dbf ONLINE
7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/receiver_01.dbf ONLINE
4.将数据文件online
RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 5 online';
-----online之后再次查看状态
SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;
SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME ONLINE_
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/users01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/system01.dbf SYSTEM
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/example01.dbf ONLINE
6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/ogg_01.dbf ONLINE
7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/receiver_01.dbf ONLINE
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：https://blog.itpub.net/31485142/viewspace-2152270/ ，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
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