备份集和备份片之间的关系
##备份片（backuppiece）:表示一个rman备份产生的备份文件，使用物理命令可以实实在在的看到
##备份集（backupset）：表示进行一次被备份所产生的所有备份片集合，是一个逻辑概念
##指定每个备份片的最大大小，这样一个备份集就可以产生多个备份片
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel c1 device type disk maxpiecesize 500M to destination '/home/oracle/bak1/';
3> backup database;
4> }
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=54 device type=DISK
Starting backup at 18-MAR-22
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/oradata/orcl/lhh02.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/oradata/orcl/users02.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 18-MAR-22
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 18-MAR-22
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak1/ORCL/backupset/2022_03_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20220318T100213_k37t1554_.bkp tag=TAG20220318T100213 comment=NONE
channel c1: starting piece 2 at 18-MAR-22
channel c1: finished piece 2 at 18-MAR-22
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak1/ORCL/backupset/2022_03_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20220318T100213_k37t18kj_.bkp tag=TAG20220318T100213 comment=NONE
channel c1: starting piece 3 at 18-MAR-22
channel c1: finished piece 3 at 18-MAR-22
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak1/ORCL/backupset/2022_03_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20220318T100213_k37t1cm2_.bkp tag=TAG20220318T100213 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 18-MAR-22
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 18-MAR-22
piece handle=/home/oracle/fra/ORCL/autobackup/2022_03_18/o1_mf_s_1099648940_k37t1dyt_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 18-MAR-22
released channel: c1
##这里产生了两个备份集（BS:52和BS:53），四个备份片，因为参数文件、控制文件和数据文件不属于同一类型的数据，所以单独一个备份集
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
52 Full 1.06G DISK 00:00:06 18-MAR-22
List of Datafiles in backup set 52
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
1 Full 3224162 18-MAR-22 NO /oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
2 Full 3224162 18-MAR-22 NO /oradata/orcl/users02.dbf
3 Full 3224162 18-MAR-22 NO /oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 3224162 18-MAR-22 NO /oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
5 Full 3224162 18-MAR-22 NO /oradata/orcl/lhh02.dbf
7 Full 3224162 18-MAR-22 NO /oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
Backup Set Copy #1 of backup set 52
Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time Compressed Tag
----------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---
DISK 00:00:06 18-MAR-22 NO TAG20220318T100213
List of Backup Pieces for backup set 52 Copy #1
BP Key Pc# Status Piece Name
------- --- ----------- ----------
54 1 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/bak1/ORCL/backupset/2022_03_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20220318T100213_k37t1554_.bkp
55 2 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/bak1/ORCL/backupset/2022_03_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20220318T100213_k37t18kj_.bkp
56 3 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/bak1/ORCL/backupset/2022_03_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20220318T100213_k37t1cm2_.bkp
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
53 Full 10.19M DISK 00:00:00 18-MAR-22
BP Key: 57 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20220318T100220
Piece Name: /home/oracle/fra/ORCL/autobackup/2022_03_18/o1_mf_s_1099648940_k37t1dyt_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 18-MAR-22
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 3224170 Ckp time: 18-MAR-22
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