只能重建控制文件，语法如下：

SQL>alter database backup controlfile to trace

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  419430400 bytes

Fixed Size                  1267836 bytes

Variable Size             356517764 bytes

Database Buffers           58720256 bytes

Redo Buffers                2924544 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

[oracle@localhost NACEC]$ cp *.ctl /bak/wqbf

[oracle@localhost NACEC]$ cp *.log /bak/wqbf

[oracle@localhost NACEC]$ cp *.dbf /bak/wqbf

[oracle@localhost NACEC]$ rm -rf *.ctl

[oracle@localhost NACEC]$ rm -rf *.log

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "NACEC" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

    MAXLOGFILES 16

    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

    MAXDATAFILES 100

    MAXINSTANCES 8

    MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

  GROUP 1 '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 2 '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 3 '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

  '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/system01.dbf',

  '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/undotbs01.dbf',

  '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/sysaux01.dbf',

  '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/users01.dbf',

  '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/test_undo.dbf',

  '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/tempundotbs.dbf',

  '/dat/DBData/oradata/NACEC/test01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

;

Control file created.

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.