> Oracle 19c RAC for Linux二节点sqlplus登录数据库报错ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact

# 1. 报错
```shell
[oracle@rac02 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Jul 31 22:27:49 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0

ERROR:
ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact

Enter user-name: 
ERROR:
ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact

SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus
```

# 2. strace定位
```shell
[oracle@rac02 ~]$ strace -T -f sqlplus / as sysdba

execve("/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/bin/sqlplus", ["sqlplus", "/", "as", "sysdba"], 0x7fffabe7fc98 /* 21 vars */) = 0 <0.000209>
brk(NULL)                               = 0x81c000 <0.000013>
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5895224000 <0.000069>
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) <0.000127>

...省略部分

[pid  7656] close(5)                    = 0 <0.000022>
[pid  7656] stat("/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/log", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=8192, ...}) = 0 <0.000005>
[pid  7656] stat("/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/log/honor2_ora_7656.trc", 0x7ffc3952ff20) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) <0.000033>
[pid  7656] open("/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/log/honor2_ora_7656.trc", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0660) = 5 <0.000082>
[pid  7656] lstat("/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/log/honor2_ora_7656.trc", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0640, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 <0.000053>

...省略部分

[pid  7656] write(5, "ORA-12753: The Oracle home user "..., 131) = 131 <0.000003>
[pid  7656] write(5, "\n", 1)           = 1 <0.000002>
[pid  7656] write(5, "ORA-27300: OS system dependent o"..., 91) = 91 <0.000004>
[pid  7656] write(5, "\n", 1)           = 1 <0.000004>
[pid  7656] write(5, "ORA-27301: OS failure message: E"..., 38) = 38 <0.000002>
[pid  7656] write(5, "\n", 1)           = 1 <0.000002>
[pid  7656] write(5, "ORA-27302: failure occurred at: "..., 39) = 39 <0.000003>
[pid  7656] write(5, "\n", 1)           = 1 <0.000025>
[pid  7656] write(5, "ORA-27303: additional informatio"..., 96) = 96 <0.000003>

...省略部分

write(1, "ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact\n", 28ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact
) = 28 <0.000004>

...省略部分

```
**从上面strace输出可以看出：**
1. 生成了trc文件
```shell
[oracle@rac02 ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/log/honor2_ora_7656.trc
Dump file /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/log/honor2_ora_7656.trc
Build label:    RDBMS_19.3.0.0.0DBRU_LINUX.X64_190417Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Build label:    RDBMS_19.3.0.0.0DBRU_LINUX.X64_190417
ORACLE_HOME:    /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
System name:    Linux
Node name:      rac02
Release:        5.4.17-2102.201.3.el7uek.x86_64
Version:        #2 SMP Fri Apr 23 09:05:55 PDT 2021
Machine:        x86_64
Storage:        ?
Instance name: honor2
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 0 <none>
Oracle process number: 0
Unix process pid: 7656, image:

*** 2022-07-31T22:14:54.619409+08:00
ORA-12753: The Oracle home user ID does not match the effective user ID of the local client which connected to the Oracle instance.
ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:check $ORACLE_HOME ownership failed with status: 0
ORA-27301: OS failure message: Error 0
ORA-27302: failure occurred at: spstp:4
ORA-27303: additional information: ORACLE_HOME uid does not match euid.  uid: 54322  euid: 54321
```

2. 报错ORA-12753、ORA-27300、ORA-27301、ORA-27302、ORA-27303
```shell
[oracle@rac02 ~]$ oerr ora 12753
12753,00000, "The Oracle home user ID does not match the effective user ID of the local client which connected to the Oracle instance."
// *Document: YES
// *Cause: The user ID that is the owner of the Oracle home directory was not 
//         the same as the effective user ID of the local client that connected
//         to the Oracle instance. 
// *Action: Run the local client that connects to Oracle instance with the same
//          user ID as the owner of the Oracle home.
```
# 3. 解决
1. 从上面报错已经可以看出原因，由于ORACLE_HOME目录属主与客户端有效用户ID不同，我们去检查一下
```shell
[oracle@rac02 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@rac02 dbhome_1]$ ls -ld ../dbhome_1/
drwxrwxr-x. 69 grid oinstall 4096 Jul 24 01:11 ../dbhome_1/
```
2. 找到原因，解决就很简单了，修改属主即可
```shell
[root@rac02 log]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/
[root@rac02 19.0.0]# chown oracle:oinstall dbhome_1/
[root@rac02 19.0.0]# su - oracle
Last login: Sun Jul 31 22:42:02 CST 2022 on pts/4
[oracle@rac02 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Jul 31 22:43:35 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> 
```

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sqlplus登录数据库报错ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact

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