DataGuard:
primary : 192.168.0.111; db_name=orcl; db_unique_name=orcl
standby : 192.168.0.113; db_name=orcl; db_unique_name=aux1

在主库执行的操作：

1.主库要运行在归档模式

archive log list
shutdown immediate
startup mount
alter database archivelog;
alter database open;
archive log list

2.主库要打开force logging

select force_logging from v$database;
NO/YES
alter database force logging;

3.主库要打开dataguard开关

alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(主库的唯一名，从库的唯一名)';
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl,aux1)';

4.修改主库本地归档参数

mkdir -p /home/oracle/arc_orcl_dest1/
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/arc_orcl_dest1/ valid_for=(日志类型,数据库角色) db_unique_name=orcl';
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/arc_orcl_dest1/ valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl';

5.主库启用远程归档参数

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=连接从库的服务命名 valid_for=(日志类型,数据库角色) db_unique_name=aux1';
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=aux1srv valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=aux1';

6.在主库为从库拷贝口令文件

scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID oracle@192.168.0.113:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwaux1

7.为从库准备参数文件：使用主库的参数文件修改

SQL> create pfile from spfile;
scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora oracle@192.168.0.113:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initaux1.ora
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/aux1/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/control01.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain='example.com'
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl,aux1)'
*.memory_target=843055104
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
db_unique_name='aux1'
log_archive_dest_3='location=/home/oracle/arc_aux1_dest3/ valid_for=(standby_logfiles,standby_role) db_unique_name=aux1'
standby_file_management=auto
db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/'
log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
备注：db_file_name_convert及log_file_name_convert路径通过下面命令查看得出的，这里为

8.为从库准备相关目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/aux1/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
mkdir -p /home/oracle/arc_aux1_dest3/

9.修改从库环境变量，创建spfile，启动实例到nomount

export ORACLE_SID=aux1  #(当前会话有限，要是想永久生效，修改环境变量)类似如下：
[oracle@slave ~]$ vim .bashrc

sqlplus / as sysdba
create spfile from pfile;
startup nomount

10.在从库配置并启动监听程序

vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

备注：上面GLOBAL_DBNAME是通过show parameter name命令得出的
service_names                 string     aux1.example.com

lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

11.在主库配置服务命名

vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
aux1srv =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.111)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = aux1.example.com)
    )
  )
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

12.在主库使用网络连接从库

sqlplus sys/oracle@aux1srv as sysdba

13.在主库启动rman复制从库

rman target / auxiliary sys/oracle@aux1srv
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database;

14.在从库增加standby log(和主库的online log必须一样大小)

select bytes from v$log;
select member from v$logfile;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/redo04.log' size 52428800;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/redo05.log' size 52428800;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/redo06.log' size 52428800;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/redo07.log' size 52428800;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/redo08.log' size 52428800;

15.打开从库

SQL> alter database open;

16.在从库启用日志应用

alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

17.在主库切换日志

select GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS from v$log;
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

18.在从库查看日志应用情况

SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;

19.在主库做数据修改，提交之后在从库看数据变化

主库：
SQL> select sal from scott.emp;
SQL> update scott.emp set sal=sal+1;
SQL> commit;
SQL> select sal from scott.emp;


从库：
SQL> select sal from scott.emp;


可以看成主从数据已经同步了！