背景知识：

10046 事件按照收集信息内容，可以分成4个级别：

                Level 1： 等同于SQL_TRACE 的功能

                Level 4： 在Level 1的基础上增加收集绑定变量的信息

                Level 8： 在Level 1 的基础上增加等待事件的信息

                Level 12：等同于Level 4+Level 8, 即同时收集绑定变量信息和等待事件信息。

一：  跟踪当前会话sql


1.  sys用户给执行跟踪dblink用户授权
SQL> grant alter session to dblink;


Grant succeeded.


2. 返回dblink用户操作 
SQL> show user;
USER is "DBLINK"


3. 查询sid,serial#
SQL> select sid,serial# from v$session where username='DBLINK';


       SID    SERIAL#
---------- ----------
45   14


4. 查询当前用户的trace文件
SQL> select * from v$diag_info where name like 'Default%';


   INST_ID NAME
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Default Trace File
/home/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2823.trc


5. 启动10046事件
SQL> alter session set events '10046 trace name context forever, level 12';


Session altered.


6.  执行测试sql（即将被跟踪的sql）
SQL> variable a number;            #含有绷定变量的sql
SQL> exec :a:=2;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects where object_id=:a;


  COUNT(*)
----------


7. 关闭10046事件  
SQL> alter session set events '10046 trace name context off';


Session altered.


8.1   查看原始10046后的trace文件      注意：10046事件的trace文件内容是sql按时间顺序执行的结果


[oracle@11g ~]$ vi /home/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2823.trc


Trace file /home/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2823.trc
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
System name:    Linux
Node name:      11g
Release:        2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64
Version:        #1 SMP Thu Jul 23 15:44:03 UTC 2015
Machine:        x86_64
Instance name: orcl
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 32
Unix process pid: 2823, image: oracle@11g (TNS V1-V3)




*** 2014-11-19 04:42:30.941
*** SESSION ID:(45.14) 2014-11-19 04:42:30.941
*** CLIENT ID:() 2014-11-19 04:42:30.941
*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2014-11-19 04:42:30.941
*** MODULE NAME:(SQL*Plus) 2014-11-19 04:42:30.941
*** ACTION NAME:() 2014-11-19 04:42:30.941


WAIT #2: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 2 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1416390150940558


*** 2014-11-19 04:44:47.004
WAIT #2: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 136063164 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1416390287004294
CLOSE #2:c=0,e=3,dep=0,type=3,tim=1416390287004441
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #5 len=19 dep=0 uid=90 oct=47 lid=90 tim=1416390287005001 hv=3805855218 ad='87972f88' sqlid='1w9223jdjggk'
BEGIN :a:=2; END;
END OF STMT
PARSE #5:c=0,e=467,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=0,og=1,plh=0,tim=1416390287005001
BINDS #5:
 Bind#0
oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=03 fl2=1000000 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=7fd108695a28  bln=22  avl=00  flg=05
WAIT #5: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 2 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1416390287006240
EXEC #5:c=1999,e=1191,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=1,dep=0,og=1,plh=0,tim=1416390287006261


*** 2014-11-19 04:56:00.212
WAIT #5: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 673206425 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1416390960212735
CLOSE #5:c=0,e=49,dep=0,type=0,tim=1416390960212948
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #1 len=51 dep=0 uid=90 oct=3 lid=90 tim=1416390960213839 hv=3085049059 ad='87973410' sqlid='214vxnyvy4773'
select count(*) from dba_objects where object_id=:a
END OF STMT
PARSE #1:c=1000,e=844,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=0,og=1,plh=0,tim=1416390960213838
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #6 len=37 dep=1 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=1416390960214450 hv=1398610540 ad='9a8c2c00' sqlid='grwydz59pu6mc'
select text from view$ where rowid=:1
END OF STMT
PARSE #6:c=1000,e=408,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=1,og=4,plh=0,tim=1416390960214449
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #2 len=210 dep=2 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=1416390960215089 hv=864012087 ad='8a7b0300' sqlid='96g93hntrzjtr'
select /*+ rule */ bucket_cnt, row_cnt, cache_cnt, null_cnt, timestamp#, sample_size, minimum, maximum, distcnt, lowval, hival, density, col#, spare1, spare2, avgcln from hist_head$ where obj#=:1 and intcol#=:2
END OF STMT
PARSE #2:c=0,e=292,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=2,og=3,plh=0,tim=1416390960215089
BINDS #2:
 Bind#0
  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=7fd108751d48  bln=22  avl=02  flg=05
  value=69
 Bind#1
oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=7fd108751d18  bln=24  avl=03  flg=05
  value=1001
EXEC #2:c=1000,e=9315,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=2,og=3,plh=2239883476,tim=1416390960224458
FETCH #2:c=0,e=28,p=0,cr=2,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=3,plh=2239883476,tim=1416390960224573
STAT #2 id=1 cnt=0 pid=0 pos=1 obj=424 op='TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID HIST_HEAD$ (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us)'
STAT #2 id=2 cnt=0 pid=1 pos=1 obj=426 op='INDEX RANGE SCAN I_HH_OBJ#_INTCOL# (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us)'
CLOSE #2:c=0,e=2,dep=2,type=3,tim=1416390960224765
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #5 len=210 dep=2 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=1416390960224900 hv=864012087 ad='8a7b0300' sqlid='96g93hntrzjtr'
select /*+ rule */ bucket_cnt, row_cnt, cache_cnt, null_cnt, timestamp#, sample_size, minimum, maximum, distcnt, lowval, hival, density, col#, spare1, spare2, avgcln from hist_head$ where obj#=:1 and intcol#=:2
END OF STMT
BINDS #5:
 Bind#0
  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=7fd108751d48  bln=22  avl=02  flg=05
  value=69
 Bind#1
  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=7fd108751d18  bln=24  avl=02  flg=05
  value=8
EXEC #5:c=0,e=132,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=3,plh=2239883476,tim=1416390960225016
FETCH #5:c=0,e=12,p=0,cr=2,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=3,plh=2239883476,tim=1416390960225045
CLOSE #5:c=0,e=1,dep=2,type=3,tim=1416390960225068
BINDS #6:
 Bind#0
  oacdty=11 mxl=16(16) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=18 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=16 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=7fd1086aa078  bln=16  avl=16  flg=05


。。。。。 省略大量输出


"~/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2823.trc" 148L, 8943C 






8.2  使用tkprof工具查看10046时间的trace文件
[oracle@11g ~]$ tkprof /home/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2823.trc andy.txt sys=no


TKPROF: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Development on Wed Nov 19 05:00:35 2014


Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


[oracle@11g ~]$ vi andy.txt


from
 dba_objects where object_id=:a




call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        2      0.00       0.00          0          5          0           1
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        4      0.01       0.00          0          5          0           1


Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Misses in library cache during execute: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 90


Rows     Row Source Operation                  # 执行计划
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      1  SORT AGGREGATE (cr=5 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us)
      1   VIEW  DBA_OBJECTS (cr=5 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=5 size=26 card=2)
      1    UNION-ALL  (cr=5 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us)
      1     FILTER  (cr=5 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us)
      1      NESTED LOOPS  (cr=5 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=5 size=71 card=1)
      1       NESTED LOOPS  (cr=4 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=4 size=67 card=1)
      1        TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID OBJ$ (cr=3 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=3 size=45 card=1)
      1         INDEX RANGE SCAN I_OBJ1 (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=2 size=0 card=1)(object id 36)
      1        INDEX RANGE SCAN I_USER2 (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=1 size=22 card=1)(object id 47)
      1       INDEX RANGE SCAN I_USER2 (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=1 size=4 card=1)(object id 47)
      0      TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID IND$ (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=2 size=8 card=1)
      0       INDEX UNIQUE SCAN I_IND1 (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=1 size=0 card=1)(object id 41)
      0      NESTED LOOPS  (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=2 size=29 card=1)
      0       INDEX FULL SCAN I_USER2 (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=1 size=20 card=1)(object id 47)
      0       INDEX RANGE SCAN I_OBJ4 (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us cost=1 size=9 card=1)(object id 39)


————————————————————————————————————————————————————


二：跟踪指定会话  （具体步骤参上面部分，这里简写）


使用10046 事件跟踪启动trace
SQL> exec dbms_monitor.session_trace_enable(45,14,waits=>true,binds=>true)


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


关闭trace
SQL> exec dbms_monitor.session_trace_disable(45,14);


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


OK，结束。  转载请标明出处。