1.开启归档模式
SYS@PROD1>archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u01/app/backup
Oldest online log sequence 1
Next log sequence to archive 1
Current log sequence 1
2.RMAN备份system表空间
[oracle@host01 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 12:11:33 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PROD1 (DBID=2148633869)
RMAN> backup tablespace system;
Starting backup at 19-DEC-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=33 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-DEC-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-DEC-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD1/backupset/2016_12_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161219T121247_d5gqkz83_.bkp tag=TAG20161219T121247 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 19-DEC-16
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 19-DEC-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD1/autobackup/2016_12_19/o1_mf_s_931003982_d5gqlgdm_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 19-DEC-16
3.模拟故障，删除数据文件
SYS@PROD1>col file_name for a50;
SYS@PROD1>select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='SYSTEM';
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf
SYS@PROD1>! ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf
ls: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf: No such file or directory
4.重启数据库，提示找不到数据文件
SYS@PROD1>shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SYS@PROD1>startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 835104768 bytes
Fixed Size 2257840 bytes
Variable Size 520096848 bytes
Database Buffers 310378496 bytes
Redo Buffers 2371584 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf'
5.通过RMAN进行恢复
[oracle@host01 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 12:18:50 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PROD1 (DBID=2148633869, not open)
RMAN> restore tablespace system;
Starting restore at 19-DEC-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD1/backupset/2016_12_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161219T121247_d5gqkz83_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD1/backupset/2016_12_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161219T121247_d5gqkz83_.bkp tag=TAG20161219T121247
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished restore at 19-DEC-16
RMAN> recover tablespace system;
Starting recover at 19-DEC-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 19-DEC-16
SYS@PROD1>alter database open;
Database altered.
SYS@PROD1>archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u01/app/backup
Oldest online log sequence 1
Next log sequence to archive 1
Current log sequence 1
2.RMAN备份system表空间
[oracle@host01 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 12:11:33 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PROD1 (DBID=2148633869)
RMAN> backup tablespace system;
Starting backup at 19-DEC-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=33 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-DEC-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-DEC-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD1/backupset/2016_12_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161219T121247_d5gqkz83_.bkp tag=TAG20161219T121247 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 19-DEC-16
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 19-DEC-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD1/autobackup/2016_12_19/o1_mf_s_931003982_d5gqlgdm_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 19-DEC-16
3.模拟故障，删除数据文件
SYS@PROD1>col file_name for a50;
SYS@PROD1>select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='SYSTEM';
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf
SYS@PROD1>! ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf
ls: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf: No such file or directory
4.重启数据库，提示找不到数据文件
SYS@PROD1>shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SYS@PROD1>startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 835104768 bytes
Fixed Size 2257840 bytes
Variable Size 520096848 bytes
Database Buffers 310378496 bytes
Redo Buffers 2371584 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf'
5.通过RMAN进行恢复
[oracle@host01 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 12:18:50 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PROD1 (DBID=2148633869, not open)
RMAN> restore tablespace system;
Starting restore at 19-DEC-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD1/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD1/backupset/2016_12_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161219T121247_d5gqkz83_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD1/backupset/2016_12_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161219T121247_d5gqkz83_.bkp tag=TAG20161219T121247
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished restore at 19-DEC-16
RMAN> recover tablespace system;
Starting recover at 19-DEC-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 19-DEC-16
SYS@PROD1>alter database open;
Database altered.
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