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NOARCHIVELOG 模式下使用增量备份恢复数据库

原创 Oracle 作者：skyin_1603 时间：2016-11-08 16:12:46 0 删除 编辑

----使用增量备份恢复处于NOARCHIVELOG 模式的数据库

---撤销数据库archivelog模式

sys@PROD>shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

sys@PROD>

sys@PROD>startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  835104768 bytes

Fixed Size                  2257840 bytes

Variable Size             507513936 bytes

Database Buffers          322961408 bytes

Redo Buffers                2371584 bytes

Database mounted.

sys@PROD>alter database noarchivelog;

Database altered.

 

--查看数据库的归档模式：

sys@PROD>archive log list;

Database log mode              No Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Disabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     1

Current log sequence           1

sys@PROD>
  

---创建测试表：

sys@PROD>alter database open;

Database altered.

--插入第一条数据：

sys@PROD>create table t(x int) tablespace users;

Table created.

 

---在noarchivelog模式下，0级备份：

run{

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

backup as backupset incremental level 0 database;

alter database open;

}

#这是草稿# 

[oracle@enmo ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Nov 7 17:57:54 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: PROD (DBID=338469376)

 

RMAN> run{

2> shutdown immediate;

3> startup mount;

4> backup as backupset incremental level 0 database;

5> alter database open;

6> }

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

database closed

database dismounted

Oracle instance shut down

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

database mounted

Total System Global Area     835104768 bytes

Fixed Size                     2257840 bytes

Variable Size                507513936 bytes

Database Buffers             322961408 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2371584 bytes

 

Starting backup at 07-NOV-16

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf

input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/example01.dbf

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ts_xxf_01.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf

input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ts_ctl01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-16

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-16

piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20161107T175851_d20n2vry_.bkp tag=TAG20161107T175851 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:03:52

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-16

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-16

piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_ncsn0_TAG20161107T175851_d20nb469_.bkp tag=TAG20161107T175851 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished backup at 07-NOV-16

 

--插入第二条数据：

sys@PROD>conn / as sysdba

Connected.

sys@PROD>

sys@PROD>insert into t values(2);

1 row created.

 

sys@PROD>commit;

Commit complete.

--在noarchivelog模式下，1级备份：

[oracle@enmo ~]$ rman target / 

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Nov 7 18:06:37 2016 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. 

connected to target database: PROD (DBID=338469376)

 

RMAN> run{

2> shutdown immediate;

3> startup mount;

4> backup as backupset incremental level 1 database;

5> alter database open;

6> } 

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

database closed

database dismounted

Oracle instance shut down

 

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

database mounted

Total System Global Area     835104768 bytes 

Fixed Size                     2257840 bytes

Variable Size                507513936 bytes

Database Buffers             322961408 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2371584 bytes

 

Starting backup at 07-NOV-16

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf

input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/example01.dbf

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ts_xxf_01.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf

input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ts_ctl01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-16

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-16

piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20161107T180734_d20nm6l6_.bkp tag=TAG20161107T180734 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:55

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-16

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-16

piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20161107T180734_d20npwpw_.bkp tag=TAG20161107T180734 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 07-NOV-16

database opened

#1级增量备份完成。

 

---删除所有控制文件、日志文件、数据文件、参数文件：

--删除控制文件：

sys@PROD>!rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/control01.ctl

sys@PROD>!rm /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD/control02.ctl

--删除日志文件与数据文件：

[oracle@enmo ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/

[oracle@enmo PROD]$ ls

example01.dbf  redo02.log  sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf    ts_xxf_01.dbf  users01.dbf

redo01.log     redo03.log  system01.dbf  ts_ctl01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf

[oracle@enmo PROD]$ rm *

--删除参数文件：

[oracle@enmo ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@enmo dbs]$ ls

hc_PROD.dat  init.ora  lkPROD  orapwPROD  PROD.ora.bck  snapcf_PROD.f  spfilePROD.ora

[oracle@enmo dbs]$

[oracle@enmo dbs]$ rm PROD.ora.bck

[oracle@enmo dbs]$ cp spfilePROD.ora  PROD.ora.bck

[oracle@enmo dbs]$ rm spfilePROD.ora

[oracle@enmo dbs]$ ls

hc_PROD.dat  init.ora  lkPROD  orapwPROD  PROD.ora.bck  snapcf_PROD.f

[oracle@enmo dbs]$

 

---执行恢复：

--强制打开到nomount状态：

RMAN> startup force nomount;

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initPROD.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile

Oracle instance started 

Total System Global Area    1068937216 bytes

Fixed Size                     2260088 bytes

Variable Size                281019272 bytes

Database Buffers             780140544 bytes

Redo Buffers                   5517312 bytes

--恢复参数文件：

RMAN> restore spfile from

"/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20161107T180734_d20npwpw_.bkp";


Starting restore at 07-NOV-16

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20161107T180734_d20npwpw_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete

Finished restore at 07-NOV-16

[oracle@enmo dbs]$ ls spfile*

spfilePROD.ora

[oracle@enmo dbs]$

#参数恢复完成。

--恢复控制文件：

--完成参数文件的恢复，利用恢复的参数文件启动到nomount模式：

RMAN> shutdown abort;

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN>

--再次启动nomount状态：

RMAN> startup nomount;

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

 

Total System Global Area     835104768 bytes

Fixed Size                     2257840 bytes

Variable Size                507513936 bytes

Database Buffers             322961408 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2371584 bytes

restore controlfile from "/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20161107T180734_d20npwpw_.bkp";


--恢复控制文件：

RMAN> restore controlfile from "/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20161107T180734_d20npwpw_.bkp";

Starting restore at 07-NOV-16

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK 

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/control01.ctl

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD/control02.ctl

Finished restore at 07-NOV-16

#以上的参数文件与控制文件都是从最新的自动备份文件恢复。

 

---控制文件恢复完成，数据库启动到mount模式：

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

---执行全库的还原：

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 07-NOV-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

 

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ts_xxf_01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ts_ctl01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20161107T175851_d20n2vry_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20161107T175851_d20n2vry_.bkp tag=TAG20161107T175851

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:03:05

Finished restore at 07-NOV-16

 

---恢复数据库，由于是非归档模式所以使用无日志恢复方式：

RMAN> recover database noredo; 

Starting recover at 07-NOV-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for restore of datafile 00001: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00002: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00003: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00004: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00005: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/example01.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00006: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ts_xxf_01.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00007: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ts_ctl01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20161107T180734_d20nm6l6_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/PROD/backupset/2016_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20161107T180734_d20nm6l6_.bkp tag=TAG20161107T180734

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

 

Finished recover at 07-NOV-16

  

---恢复完成，resetlogs方式打开数据库，完成所有文件丢失的恢复：

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

#已完成恢复并成功打开数据库。


---恢复后，查看t表的数据是否丢失：

sys@PROD>select * from t;

         X

----------

         1

         2

#非归档模式下恢复成功，使用两个两级（0级备份与1级增量备份）的备份完成了完全恢复。

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