rman备份

前言：
本着记录生活中的点点滴滴，借用大神的一句话，技术分享，成就梦想！
最近一直想抽出时间研究下rman备份与恢复，周末闲暇，测试一下：
测试背景：
VMware虚机
数据库版本：Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
操作系统版本：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.7
工具：从oracle8i开始就使用的oracle专业备份恢复工具，也是最常使用的备份工具
了解rman之前觉得无从下手，参数设置，备份策略等等一系列问题，但有时候实践比原理重要的多，所以“Just do it”!
首先连接本地库：

有DBID说明连接上了目标库
退出rman,exit即可

备份前的准备工作：
1、control_file_record_keep_time初始化参数：rman元数据在控制文件中保留的最小有效天数，默认为7天。
看网上的经验值，设置该参数为30天，动态参数可直接修改，不用重启库

2、启用归档模式

首先我们先要创建一个存放archive log的目录

Oracle10g&11g默认归档、闪回、备份都存放在flash_recovery_area中，默认大小2G，一般在生产环境中为了更方便管理这些重要文件，为其专门创建目录存放
登陆sqlplus设置归档路径

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/mnt/dbback/archdata' scope=both;

这一步还涉及log_archive_dest和log_archie_dest_n的区别，可以自己百度下
下面重启数据库mount,开启归档

SYS@base> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@base> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area1610612736 bytes

Fixed Size 2084296 bytes

Variable Size 385876536 bytes

Database Buffers 1207959552 bytes

Redo Buffers 14692352 bytes

Database mounted.

SYS@base> alter database archivelog; --开启归档模式

Database altered.

SYS@base> alter database open; --打开数据库

Database altered.

SQL> alter systemswitch logfile; --手动切换不会触发checkpoint，自动切换会触发checkpoint

System altered

3、rman环境变量设置
包括配置默认备份保存目录、配置控制文件自动备份保存目录、配置备份保留时间等
4、备份全库

backup full database format

'/mnt/dbback/full_bk1_%u%p%s.rmn' include current controlfile

plus

archivelog format '/mnt/dbback/arch_bk1_%u%p%s.rmn'delete all input;
--------------------------------------------我是分割线

[oracle@zheng fullback]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Apr 10 03:54:22 2016

connected to target database: IPTV (DBID=2121374600)

RMAN> list backupset;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

4 834.30M DISK 00:01:27 10-APR-16

BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160410T015102

Piece Name: /mnt/dbback/arch_bk1_06r2l6o716.rmn

List of Archived Logs in backup set 4

Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time

---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------

1 129 1157167 08-MAR-16 1179501 10-MAR-16

1 130 1179501 10-MAR-16 1215888 13-MAR-16

1 131 1215888 13-MAR-16 1232295 13-MAR-16

1 132 1232295 13-MAR-16 1255405 14-MAR-16

1 133 1255405 14-MAR-16 1286152 16-MAR-16

1 134 1286152 16-MAR-16 1308829 18-MAR-16

1 135 1308829 18-MAR-16 1345172 19-MAR-16

1 136 1345172 19-MAR-16 1613887 19-MAR-16

1 137 1613887 19-MAR-16 1701498 19-MAR-16

1 138 1701498 19-MAR-16 1724837 20-MAR-16

1 139 1724837 20-MAR-16 1726636 20-MAR-16

1 140 1726636 20-MAR-16 1732217 26-MAR-16

1 141 1732217 26-MAR-16 1742380 26-MAR-16

1 142 1742380 26-MAR-16 1755481 26-MAR-16

1 143 1755481 26-MAR-16 1777973 26-MAR-16

1 144 1777973 26-MAR-16 1799131 27-MAR-16

1 145 1799131 27-MAR-16 1836331 02-APR-16

1 146 1836331 02-APR-16 1844588 02-APR-16

1 147 1844588 02-APR-16 1855225 03-APR-16

1 148 1855225 03-APR-16 1898376 04-APR-16

1 149 1898376 04-APR-16 1905017 04-APR-16

1 150 1905017 04-APR-16 1933438 09-APR-16

1 151 1933438 09-APR-16 1970977 10-APR-16

1 152 1970977 10-APR-16 1971736 10-APR-16

1 153 1971736 10-APR-16 1973291 10-APR-16

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

5 Full 5.76G DISK 00:09:55 10-APR-16

BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160410T015241

Piece Name: /mnt/dbback/full_bk1_07r2l6r917.rmn

List of Datafiles in backup set 5

File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name

---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

1 Full 1973355 10-APR-16 /home/oracle/app/oradata/iptv/system01.dbf

2 Full 1973355 10-APR-16 /home/oracle/app/oradata/iptv/sysaux01.dbf

3 Full 1973355 10-APR-16 /home/oracle/app/oradata/iptv/undotbs01.dbf

4 Full 1973355 10-APR-16 /home/oracle/app/oradata/iptv/users01.dbf

5 Full 1973355 10-APR-16 /mnt/oracle/iptv/iptv01.dbf

6 Full 1973355 10-APR-16 /mnt/oracle/iptv/iptv01index.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

6 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 10-APR-16

BP Key: 6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160410T015241

Piece Name: /mnt/dbback/full_bk1_08r2l7dv18.rmn

SPFILE Included: Modification time: 10-APR-16

SPFILE db_unique_name: IPTV

Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1973790 Ckp time: 10-APR-16

BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

7 1.28M DISK 00:00:00 10-APR-16

BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160410T020242

Piece Name: /mnt/dbback/arch_bk1_09r2l7e219.rmn

List of Archived Logs in backup set 7

Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time

---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------

1 154 1973291 10-APR-16 1973796 10-APR-16

RMAN>
----
备份成功，先到这吧！

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