1、设置好环境变量<br /> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span lang="EN-US">1</span>）右键点我的电脑（计算机）à高级系统设置à环境变量à系统变量à变量<span lang="EN-US">path</span>à编辑<span lang="EN-US">--&gt;</span>添加路径 </p> 2）保存原环境变量<br /> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height:150%;"> 3）新添加<span lang="EN-US">2</span>个路径后的环境变量：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height:150%;"> E:\app\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN;C:\Program Files (x86)\WinRAR<o:p></o:p> </p> <br /> <br /> 2、创建好备份保存目录<br /> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left"> 1） 在<span lang="X-NONE">WINDOWS</span>系统<span lang="X-NONE">F</span>盘符创建<span lang="X-NONE">DB_BACKUP</span>目录。<span lang="X-NONE"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left"> &nbsp;2）<span lang="X-NONE">create&nbsp; directory BACKUP_DIR as 'F:\DB_BACKUP';&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span> </p> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 3、设置好备份用户的权限及备份保存目录<br /> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent:21pt;line-height:150%;"> 1）<span lang="EN-US">grant dba to system;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent:36.75pt;line-height:150%;"> 注意：这里<span lang="EN-US">system</span>原本就拥有备份权限，可以不用执行，其他新建普通用户需要执行<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent:21pt;line-height:150%;"> 2）<span lang="EN-US">grant read,write on directory </span>BACKUP_DIR to system;<o:p></o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent:36pt;"> 注意：这里在创建备份目录的时候，系统自动添加了读写执行的权限，可以不用执行<span lang="X-NONE"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 正常情况新用户都是需要授权。<span lang="X-NONE"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <br /> <br /> <br /> 4、备份脚本<br /> bat文件：<br /> E:<br /> cd E:\app\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN<br /> rman target / msglog=F:\rman\%date:~0,10%.log cmdfile=F:\rman\full_backup.txt<br /> F:<br /> cd F:\rman\<br /> rar a scv_bak_%date:~0,10%.rar *.BKP<br /> rar a scv_bak_%date:~0,10%.rar C*<br /> rar a scv_bak_%date:~0,10%.rar %date:~0,10%.log<br /> del *.BKP /q<br /> del %date:~0,10%.log /q<br /> del C* /q<br /> Forfiles -p "F:\rman" -s -m *.rar -d -14 -c "Cmd /C del @FILE"<br /> <br /> <br /> <p class="MsoNormal"> 注意：这里的时间格式不能是2015/06/08 这种格式，会被数据库默认为路径，需修改时间格式（右下角自己改）。<o:p></o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> 代码详解：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> 第一行<span lang="EN-US">E</span>：代表进入备份目录所在盘符<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> 第二行进入备份目录<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> 第三行<span lang="EN-US">ORACLE</span>逻辑导出命令<span lang="EN-US">expdp</span>，system/*****是账号密码，<span lang="EN-US">directory</span>是<span lang="EN-US">ORACLE</span>备份目录名称，<span lang="EN-US">%date:~0,10%</span>表示取当前系统时间前<span lang="EN-US">10</span>位，<span lang="EN-US">full=y</span>表示全备 </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> 第四、五行<span lang="EN-US">WINRAR</span>压缩软件压缩打包命令<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> 第六、七行删除原备份文件（因为前面<span lang="EN-US">2</span>步已经压缩打包了）<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> 第八行删除备份目录中<span lang="EN-US">7</span>天以前的以<span lang="EN-US">.rar</span>格式结尾的文件<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p> <br /> <br /> <br /> sql文件：<br /> run<br /> {<br /> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 14 DAYS;<br /> sql 'alter system archive log current';<br /> backup as compressed backupset database format 'F:/rman/fullbak_%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp' include current controlfile;<br /> backup spfile format 'F:/rman/spfile_%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';<br /> backup as compressed backupset archivelog all format 'F:/rman/archivelog_%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp' delete input;<br /> backup current controlfile format 'F:/rman/control_%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';<br /> }<br /> delete noprompt obsolete;<br /> crosscheck backup;<br /> report obsolete;<br /> delete noprompt expired backup;<br /> BACKUP VALIDATE DATABASE;<br /> BACKUP VALIDATE DATABASE ARCHIVELOG ALL;<br /> <br /> <br /> 5、设置计划任务<br /> 设置计划任务时一定要注意在“<span style="background-color:#FFE500;">操作</span>”那个选项卡，要填写“<span style="background-color:#FFE500;">起始于</span>”绝对路径<br />