一、故障现象

在测试环境关闭数据库时，shutdown immediate命令迟迟没有反应，所以Ctrl+C退出。

SYS@MTH> shutdown immediate
ORA-01013: user requested cancel of current operation

SYS@MTH> exit

然后重新连接，启动数据库会报下面的错误：

oracle@C01TEST03:/home/oracle>sqlplus as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed May 3 16:59:26 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected.

SYS@MTH> startup
ORA-01012: not logged on

使用shutdown immediate 命令再次关闭，会报下面的错误：

SYS@MTH> shutdown immediate
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-24323: value not allowed
ORA-01089: immediate shutdown in progress - no operations are permitted

可能由于关闭的时候出现问题，还有实例进程存在：

oracle@C01TEST03:/home/oracle>ps -ef|grep ora
oracle   30252     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:07:24 ora_pmon_MTH
oracle   30254     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:08:19 ora_psp0_MTH
oracle   30256     1  1 Mar27 ?        11:25:22 ora_vktm_MTH
oracle   30260     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:01:44 ora_gen0_MTH
oracle   30262     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:03:11 ora_diag_MTH
oracle   30264     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:02:53 ora_dbrm_MTH
oracle   30266     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:29:38 ora_dia0_MTH
oracle   30268     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:01:56 ora_mman_MTH
oracle   30270     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:08:27 ora_dbw0_MTH
oracle   30272     1  0 Mar27 ?        01:55:24 ora_lgwr_MTH
oracle   30274     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:49:44 ora_ckpt_MTH
oracle   30276     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:03:13 ora_smon_MTH
oracle   30278     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:00:39 ora_reco_MTH
oracle   30340     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:05:23 ora_arc0_MTH
oracle   30342     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:07:08 ora_arc1_MTH
oracle   30344     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:05:57 ora_arc2_MTH
oracle   30346     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:05:10 ora_arc3_MTH
oracle   30348     1  0 Mar27 ?        00:02:54 ora_nsa2_MTH

二、解决步骤：

1、连接
oracle@C01TEST03:/home/oracle>sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed May 3 17:02:35 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

@> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.

2、使用shutdown abort强制关闭数据库（或直接startup force强制启动）

SYS@MTH> startup force;
ORA-32004: obsolete or deprecated parameter(s) specified for RDBMS instance
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1887350784 bytes
Fixed Size                  2254344 bytes
Variable Size             520096248 bytes
Database Buffers         1358954496 bytes
Redo Buffers                6045696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

3、使用shutdown immediate正常关闭，然后用startup正常启动
SYS@MTH> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@MTH> startup
ORA-32004: obsolete or deprecated parameter(s) specified for RDBMS instance
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1887350784 bytes
Fixed Size                  2254344 bytes
Variable Size             520096248 bytes
Database Buffers         1358954496 bytes
Redo Buffers                6045696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.