说明：oracle12C下一个CDB库（orcl），两个PDB库（pdbeisoo,pdb3）

connect target sys/oracle@orcl
备份全库
RMAN> backup database；

备份CDB库
RMAN> backup database root；

备份PDB库（可多个）
RMAN> backup pluggable database pdbeisoo,pdb3;

备份表空间
connect target sys/oracle@pdbeisoo
RMAN> backup tablespace tbs_pdbeisoo;


恢复全库
connect target sys/oracle@orcl
run
{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
startup mount;
restore database;
recover database;
alter database open;
release channel c1;
}

恢复CDB库
connect target sys/oracle@orcl
run
{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
startup mount;
restore database root;
recover database root;
alter database open;
release channel c1;
}

恢复PDB库（可多个同时恢复）
connect target sys/oracle@orcl
run
{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
alter pluggable database pdbeisoo,pdb3 close;
restore pluggable database pdbeisoo,pdb3;
recover pluggable database pdbeisoo,pdb3;
alter pluggable database pdbeisoo,pdb3 open;
release channel c1;
}


单独恢复CDB库数据文件
connect target sys/oracle@orcl
run{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
sql 'alter database datafile 13 offline';
restore datafile 13;
recover datafile 13;
sql 'alter database datafile 13 online';
release channel c1;
}

单独恢复PDB库数据文件
connect target sys/oracle@pdbeisoo
run{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
sql 'alter database datafile 16 offline';
restore datafile 16;
recover datafile 16;
sql 'alter database datafile 16 online';
release channel c1;
}