最近公司的一个项目里的linux 系统中的oracle 10g数据库，需要把某个表空间里的所有数据都迁移到window 2003的11g里，经过我与dba的交流、测试，决定使用跨平台的表空间传输技术，目前此项任务已经完成，经过测试，没有问题，下面是我为此项任务做的测试，此次是做linux（oracle 10g）对window （oracle 11g）做跨平台表空间传输（同字节顺序）需要注意：

对于导出文件dmp来说，Oracle实现了跨平台的处理，即在任何一个可运行的平台上，都能使用imp将其导入，但是对于表空间所包含的数据文件而言，各个平台上是不一样的，包含不能通过简单的复制来处理。数据文件不是独立于OS的。

传输表空间移动数据速度非常快。

使用前提：

1.源和目标数据库使用相同的字符集（也就是说little endian与big engian）；

2.目标数据库不能有和源表空间相同的表空间；

3.源和目标数据库拥有相同的块大小；

4.必须传输自包含的对象集；

5.源和目标数据库运行的硬件平台必须相同；

下图是我的环境

一、环境检查

1、检查linux平台的环境

[root@master ~]# su - oracle     
[oracle@master ~]$ sqlplus sys/dl528888@10.1.88.188:1521/bgtp as sysdba     
        
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 16 09:33:01 2012 
        
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.     
        
        
Connected to:     
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production     
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options     
SQL> select instance_name,host_name,version from v$instance where rownum < 2;     
        
INSTANCE_NAME    HOST_NAME                            VERSION     
---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------     
BGTP         master                               10.2.0.1.0

2、检查windows平台的环境

[oracle@master dbs]$ sqlplus sys/dl528888@10.1.88.191:1521/bgtp as sysdba     
        
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 16 09:22:58 2012 
        
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.     
        
        
Connected to:     
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production     
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options     
        
SQL> select instance_name,host_name,version from v$instance where rownum < 2;     
        
INSTANCE_NAME    HOST_NAME                            VERSION     
---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------     
bgtp         ADMIN-F99B9A60C                          11.2.0.1.0

二、字节顺序检查

1、linux平台的

通过v$transportable_platfrom与v$database来查看本地平台的字节顺序

SQL> select d.platform_name,endian_format from v$transportable_platform tp, v$database d where tp.platform_name = d.platform_name;      
        
PLATFORM_NAME                ENDIAN_FORMAT     
---------------------------------------- --------------     
Linux 64-bit for AMD             Little

2、windows平台的

SQL> select d.platform_name,endian_format from v$transportable_platform tp, v$database d where tp.platform_name = d.platform_name;     
        
PLATFORM_NAME                                                 ENDIAN_FORMAT     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------     
Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit)                                         Little

三、进行准备工作

1、在linux平台里先建立dl表空间

SQL> create tablespace dl logging datafile '/home/oracle/oradata/BGTP/dl_data.dbf' size 50m autoextend on next 50m maxsize 20480m extent management local;     
        
Tablespace created.

2、创建dl用户默认dl表空间

SQL> create user dl identified by dl default tablespace dl;   
User created.

3、查看dl用户所属的表空间

SQL> select username,default_tablespace,temporary_tablespace from dba_users where username='DL';     
        
USERNAME         DEFAULT_TABLESPACE         TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE     
-------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------     
DL           DL                 TEMP

4、连接用户

SQL> conn dl/dl     
Connected.     
SQL> show user     
USER is "DL"

5、创建测试表dl_test

SQL> create table dl_test as select * from dict;     
        
Table created.     
SQL> select count(*) from dl_test;     
        
  COUNT(*)     
----------     
      1870

四、进行传输

1、查看数据文件的位置

SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='DL';     
        
FILE_NAME     
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------     
/home/oracle/oradata/BGTP/dl_data.dbf

2、然后进行压缩数据文件

SQL> !     
[oracle@master ~]$ cd /home/oracle/oradata/BGTP/     
[oracle@master BGTP]$ ll     
total 1056712     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   7061504 May 16 10:07 control01.ctl     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   7061504 May 16 10:07 control02.ctl     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   7061504 May 16 10:07 control03.ctl     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  52436992 May 16 10:05 dl_data.dbf     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  52429312 May 15 22:00 redo01.log     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  52429312 May 16 07:01 redo02.log     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  52429312 May 16 10:07 redo03.log     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 314580992 May 16 10:07 sysaux01.dbf     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 503324672 May 16 10:07 system01.dbf     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  20979712 May 15 22:00 temp01.dbf     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  26222592 May 16 10:07 undotbs01.dbf     
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   5251072 May 16 07:06 users01.dbf     
[oracle@master BGTP]$ tar zcf dl_data.tar.gz  dl_data.dbf     
[oracle@master BGTP]$ du -sh dl_data.dbf      
51M dl_data.dbf     
[oracle@master BGTP]$ du -sh dl_data.tar.gz      
180K    dl_data.tar.gz

3、使用exp导出dl表空间

导出之前，先查看表空间dl是否有self-contained（自包含），通过系统包dbms_tts来检查表空间是否自包含，如果有的话，就不能进行传输

先进行非严格方式（full_check=false）

SQL> exec sys.dbms_tts.transport_set_check('DL',TRUE);     
        
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.     
        
SQL> select * from sys.transport_set_violations;     
        
no rows selected

进行严格方式

SQL> exec sys.dbms_tts.transport_set_check('DL',TRUE,true);     
        
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.     
        
SQL> select * from sys.transport_set_violations;     
        
no rows selected

这表示该表空里的对象集是自包含的(对象及其索引都在此表空间中)

下面可以进行exp了

4、在进行exp导出之前，先把dl表空间设为只读

SQL> conn / as sysdba     
Connected.     
SQL> show user 
USER is "SYS" 
SQL> alter tablespace dl read only;     
        
Tablespace altered.     
        
[oracle@master tmp]$ exp userid='sys/dl528888 as sysdba' tablespaces=DL transport_tablespace=y file=/tmp/dl.dmp     
        
Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 16 10:29:47 2012     
        
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.     
        
        
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production     
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options     
Export done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set 
server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)     
Note: table data (rows) will not be exported     
About to export transportable tablespace metadata...     
For tablespace DL ...     
. exporting cluster definitions     
. exporting table definitions     
. . exporting table                        DL_TEST     
. exporting referential integrity constraints     
. exporting triggers     
. end transportable tablespace metadata export     
Export terminated successfully without warnings.     
[oracle@master tmp]$ ll dl.dmp      
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16384 May 16 10:29 dl.dmp     
[oracle@master tmp]$ du -sh dl.dmp      
20K dl.dmp

导出成功

5、然后把dl_data.tar.gz与dl.dmp都传输到window的平台上

[oracle@master tmp]$ ll dl*     
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 174677 May 16 10:08 dl_data.tar.gz     
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall  16384 May 16 10:29 dl.dmp

6、然后把这2个文件传输到window平台的e：soft目录下对dl_data.tar.gz进行解压