【监听】listener.ora文件理解
listener.ora文件里面配置的内容主要是静态监听，需要listener.ora文件主要为了添加静态监听global_dbname\sid_name（SID_LIST_LISTENER）和添加额外的监听器名称
默认的监听器host是hostname不是ip、端口是1521、协议是TCP，无listener.ora文件情况下默认监听器继续存在（监听器名称默认LISTENER,host是hostname不是ip、端口是1521、协议是TCP），如果需要向非默认监听注册，则需要配置local_listener参数
注册是把数据库信息作为一个服务注册（注册内容是servcice_name和instance_name）到监听中的host和port中，listener.ora中如果host配置的信息为ip，但是实际服务器上不存在这个ip则无法注册，如果host中配置的是服务器名称，而服务器名称不存在或服务器名在/etc/hosts中对应的ip不存在或与实际IP不一致则无法注册，DB默认监听器的host是hostname
listener.ora中静态监听的SID_NAME的值一定要区分大小写
listener.ora文件中不会出现service_name或service_names，只有GLOBAL_DBNAME和SID_NAME，出现service_name或service_names后lsnrctl start listenername会报错
静态监听如果有非默认监听器listener以外的其他名称的监听器，则操作方式如下，前提是两个监听中的port和key不能一样，否则也只能启动一个。
lsnrctl start listenername
lsnrctl status listenername
lsnrctl stop listenername
安装完数据库软件时默认的listener.ora如下，只有默认监听的信息
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = M0776)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
添加一个静态监听listener2后如下
LISTENER2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.31)(PORT = 1522))
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER2 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = luxus)
(ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\luxus.liao\product\11.1.0\db_1)
(SID_NAME = luxus)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = M0776)(PORT = 1521))
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
listener.ora想对监听名为listener的监听添加一个静态注册，只有如下内容时，是没有静态注册的
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.122)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
[oracle@DEMOSFCS admin]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-MAY-2015 20:08:31
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.98.0.122)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-MAY-2015 20:03:59
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 4 min. 32 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/DEMOSFCS/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.98.0.122)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "DEMOSFCS" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "DEMOSFCS", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "DEMOSFCSXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "DEMOSFCS", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
内容是如下时（添加了SID_LIST_LISTENER信息），才有静态注册
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.122)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = DEMOSFCS)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = DEMOSFCS)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
)
[oracle@DEMOSFCS admin]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-MAY-2015 20:08:41
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.98.0.122)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-MAY-2015 20:03:59
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 4 min. 42 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/DEMOSFCS/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.98.0.122)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "DEMOSFCS" has 2 instance(s).
Instance "DEMOSFCS", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Instance "DEMOSFCS", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "DEMOSFCSXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "DEMOSFCS", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
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