非归档，open 模式下

一 将表空间users设置为只读
SQL> show user
USER is "SYS"

SQL> alter tablespace users read only;
Tablespace altered.

SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME                                              STATUS
------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------
SYSTEM                                                       ONLINE
SYSAUX                                                       ONLINE
UNDOTBS1                                                     ONLINE
TEMP                                                         ONLINE
USERS                                                        READ ONLY
EXAMPLE                                                      ONLINE
CHEN_TEMP                                                    ONLINE
CHEN01                                                       ONLINE
TEST                                                         ONLINE

9 rows selected.

二 open，非归档状态下，备份只读表空间
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel c1 type disk;
3> backup tablespace users;       
4> }

allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=141 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 07-JUL-15
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg1/users01.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 07-JUL-15
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 07-JUL-15
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/OGG1/backupset/2015_07_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150707T162539_bsq383fm_.bkp tag=TAG20150707T162539 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 07-JUL-15

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-JUL-15
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/OGG1/autobackup/2015_07_07/o1_mf_s_884449540_bsq384q6_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-JUL-15
released channel: c1


三 剪切只读表空间到其他目录，模拟故障
[oracle@ogg1 ogg1]$ mv users01.dbf /home/oracle/

SQL> conn chen/chen
Connected.

SQL> select * from t1;

        ID
----------
     10000
     10000


四 清空数据库缓冲区和共享池，查询表报错(表所在表空间为users)
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
System altered.

SQL> alter system flush shared_pool;
System altered.

SQL> select * from t1;
select * from t1
              *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 4
ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg1/users01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3


五 通过备份恢复表空间users,报错，不能在open状态下进行恢复
RMAN> restore tablespace users;

Starting restore at 07-JUL-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg1/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/OGG1/backupset/2015_07_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150707T162539_bsq383fm_.bkp
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 07/07/2015 17:26:43
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/OGG1/backupset/2015_07_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150707T162539_bsq383fm_.bkp
ORA-19573: cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 4

'/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/OGG1/backupset/2015_07_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150707T162539_bsq383fm_.bkp'


六 挂载数据库，进行恢复
[oracle@ogg1 2015_07_07]$ rman target / nocatalog

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Jul 7 17:52:57 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup mount

RMAN> restore tablespace users;

Starting restore at 07-JUL-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=133 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg1/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/OGG1/backupset/2015_07_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150707T162539_bsq383fm_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/OGG1/backupset/2015_07_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150707T162539_bsq383fm_.bkp tag=TAG20150707T162539
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 07-JUL-15

RMAN> recover tablespace users;

Starting recover at 07-JUL-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 07-JUL-15

RMAN> alter database open;

database opened

七  恢复成功，read write表空间
SQL> conn chen/chen
Connected.
SQL> select * from t1;
        ID
----------
     10000
     10000


SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;


TABLESPACE_NAME                                              STATUS
------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------
SYSTEM                                                       ONLINE
SYSAUX                                                       ONLINE
UNDOTBS1                                                     ONLINE
TEMP                                                         ONLINE
USERS                                                        READ ONLY
EXAMPLE                                                      ONLINE
CHEN_TEMP                                                    ONLINE
CHEN01                                                       ONLINE
TEST                                                         ONLINE

9 rows selected.

SQL> alter tablespace users read write;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME                                              STATUS
------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------
SYSTEM                                                       ONLINE
SYSAUX                                                       ONLINE
UNDOTBS1                                                     ONLINE
TEMP                                                         ONLINE
USERS                                                        ONLINE
EXAMPLE                                                      ONLINE
CHEN_TEMP                                                    ONLINE
CHEN01                                                       ONLINE
TEST                                                         ONLINE


9 rows selected.
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