一：EM无法使用的解决：首先我们知道EM只支持动态注册的监听。哪怕是有动态注册信息就可以

首先我先配置了listener这个监听，具体配置如下：

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = edb1.example.com)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

很显然这个是动态监听，正好这时候我用这个监听配置了EM。

EM配置完成之后，我继续配置lsnr2 ,具体配置如下：

LSNR2 =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = edb1.example.com)(PORT = 1526))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1526))

)

要求要lsnr也能动态注册到数据库信息，这时候我们发现这个监听的端口非默认端口。然而oracle默认动态是注册到1521端口上的，所有这时候lsnr2是不能动态注册到数据库信息的，如下：

[oracle@edb1 admin]$ lsnrctl status lsnr2

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 05-JUL-2016 23:34:29

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=edb1.example.com)(PORT=1526)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias lsnr2
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 05-JUL-2016 23:34:06
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 22 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/edbjr2p1/lsnr2/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=edb1.example.com)(PORT=1526)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1526)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

可以通过 local_listener这个参数来修改oracle默认动态注册的端口，使lsnr2可以动态注册到信息。

1）在tnsname.ora 文件里添加

LSNR2 =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = edb1.example.com)(PORT = 1526))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1526))

)

2）然后修改数据库参数

sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter system set local_listener='lSNR2';

SQL> alter system register; ###动态监听如果先于数据库启动，那就不必要执行这个命令。

3)再次查看监听状态，发现动态注册到了信息

[oracle@edbjr2p1 admin]$ lsnrctl status lsnr2

。。。。。。。

Services Summary...

Service "PROD1.us.oracle.com" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "PROD1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "PROD1XDB.us.oracle.com" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "PROD1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

这样我觉得OK了，可是等到后面使用EM的时候，我发现报错，说 database is down,

可是我检查发现数据库正常，然后查看监听listener的状态：发现原本动态注册的信息已经没有了。如下：

[oracle@edb1 admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 05-JUL-2016 23:34:29

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=edb1.example.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias listener
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 05-JUL-2016 23:34:06
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 22 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/edbjr2p1/lsnr2/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=edb1.example.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1526)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

可以推测出可能是这里的原因导致报错：database is down

那么是什么原因导致的呢？

原来当你设置local_listener=lsnr2后，数据库信息就会动态的注册到1526端口，他就不会动态的注册到1521，所以listener这个监听注册不到信息，导致EM链接不到数据库，报错 database is down。

解决办法：只需要修改参数 local_listener='listener','lsnr2'; 即可，这样oracle会动态注册到两个端口上。

然后发现EM可以使用了。

二：关于oracle监听动态和静态的分析

oracle静态监听如下：

[oracle@edb1 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = edb1.example.com)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD1)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD1))
(SID_DESC=
(SID_NAME=plsextproc)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM=extproc)))

尽管是静态监听，但是他也会有动态注册信息，如下 ready代表动态，unknown代表静态。如果你刚才用这样的话已经配置好的EM是可以使用这个监听的，可不要认为静态监听也可以了，真正的原因是虽然是静态监听配置，但是oracle会默认动态的注册到1521这个端口上，所以既有动态又有静态的注册信息（前提是没有修改local_listener这个参数）

[oracle@edb1 admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 05-JUL-2016 23:45:04

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=edb1.example.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 05-JUL-2016 23:43:44
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 20 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/edbjr2p1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=edb1.example.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "PROD1" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "PROD1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "PROD1.us.oracle.com" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "PROD1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "PROD1XDB.us.oracle.com" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "PROD1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "plsextproc" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "plsextproc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

如果你配置EM使用的监听没有动态注册信息，那么当你使用EM的时候就会报错，具体如下：

小结：EM管理器，配置和使用只支持动态注册的监听，如果你刚开始是用动态注册的监听配置好了EM，你又把动态的监听改成了静态的，这时候你没有修改local_listener这个参数，正常情况还是可以使用EM的，因为这时候你的监听既有静态注册信息又有动态注册信息，EM使用的是动态信息，说白了就是保证有动态注册的信息即可。

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oracle监听之动态和静态注册

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