转：http://www.2cto.com/database/201309/244084.html
RMAN是Oracle数据库备份管理中必须用到的管理工具。它的操作方式有很多种，我整理了一些常用的操作命令，汇总起来，以方便工作。
（miki西游 @mikixiyou 文档，原文链接: http://mikixiyou.iteye.com/blog/1560754 ）
1 、备份数据库操作命令
简洁版
backup database plus archivelog format '/backup/rman/xx_%U.%T';
正规版
run {
allocate channel t1 type disk;
backup database format '/backup/rman/xx_%U.%T';
backup archivelog all delete input format '/backup/rman/xx_%U.%T';
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup current controlfile format '/backup/rman/xx_%U.%T';
release channel t1;
}
加强版
run
{
delete noprompt obsolete;
allocate channel ch01 type disk rate 40M;
backup database filesperset 3 format '/backup/servdb_rman/db_%U.%T';
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog like '+%' filesperset 20 format '/backup/servdb_rman/archivelog_%U.%T';
delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate -1';
backup current controlfile format '/backup/servdb_rman/ctl_%U.%T' ;
release channel ch01;
}
2 、归档日志单独备份操作命令
不删除归档日志文件
run {
allocate channel t1 type disk;
backup archivelog all format '/backup/servdb_rman/archivelog_%U.%T';
release channel t1;
}
删除归档日志文件
run {
allocate channel t1 type disk;
backup archivelog all delete input format '/backup/servdb_rman/archivelog_%U.%T';
release channel t1;
}
不备份已经备份过一次的归档日志文件
run {
allocate channel t1 type disk;
backup archivelog all not backed up 1 times format '/backup/servdb_rman/archivelog_%U.%T';
release channel t1;
}
3 、还原和恢复数据库操作命令
完全恢复
startup nomount;
run {
allocate channel t1 type disk;
restore controlfile;
restore archivelog all;
alter database mount;
restore database;
recover database;
release channel t1;
}
sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
不完全恢复，至某个时间点
startup nomount;
run {
set until time ="to_date('2012-06-14 00:00:00','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
allocate channel t1 type disk;
restore controlfile;
restore archivelog all;
alter database mount;
restore database;
recover database;
release channel t1;
}
sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
RAC 环境中还原某几个归档日志文件
run
{
allocate channel t1 type disk;
restore archivelog from logseq 5023 thread 1 until logseq 5036 thread 1;
releaase channel t1;
}
单实例环境中还原某几个归档日志文件
run
{
allocate channel t1 type disk;
restore archivelog from logseq 5023 until logseq 5036;
releaase channel t1;
}
4 、注册备份集到 CATALOG 操作命令
catalog start with '/backup/xxx.xxx';
5 、其他管理命令
list backupset;
list backup of database;
list backup of archivelog all;
report obsolete;
report obsolete redundancy = 2;
delete obsolete;
restore database validate;
report unrecoverable;
report schema;
crosscheck backup;
delete expired backup;
rman target sys/*****@ora10 catalog rman/rman@dbarep
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
delete obsolete redundancy = 4 device type disk;
delete obsolete redundancy = 2 device type disk;
delete noprompt archivelog until time "sysdate-5"
更多的命令和说明请参考oracle 官方文档和rman 帮助文档。
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