在检查系统中，发现服务器到存储链路存在问题，对数据库的影响是造成数据库宕机，启动时报错。 具体信息如下

数据库启动时 ，报错4193错误。
```
Total System Global Area 1235959808 bytes
Fixed Size		    2252784 bytes
Variable Size		  385875984 bytes
Database Buffers	  838860800 bytes
Redo Buffers		    8970240 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4193], [], [], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], []
Process ID: 10817
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
```

alert日志
```
--alert 日志
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 2
  Current log# 2 seq# 2 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_ora_10817.trc  (incident=15753):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4193], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/incident/incdir_15753/oratest_ora_10817_i15753.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Block recovery from logseq 2, block 3 to scn 1057010
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 2 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log
Block recovery stopped at EOT rba 2.5.16
Block recovery completed at rba 2.5.16, scn 0.1057008
Block recovery from logseq 2, block 3 to scn 1057007
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 2 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log
Block recovery completed at rba 2.5.16, scn 0.1057008
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_ora_10817.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4193], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_ora_10817.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4193], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER (ospid: 10817): terminating the instance due to error 600
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 10817
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (10817) as a result of ORA-1092
Sun Jan 02 21:44:48 2022
ORA-1092 : opitsk aborting process
```

通过跟踪open进程， 发现错误信息如下：
```
WAIT #140022227445520: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 19 file#=1 block#=544 blocks=1 obj#=0 tim=1641262059791045
Incident 6153 created, dump file: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/mydb11/mydb11/incident/incdir_6153/mydb11_ora_13573_i6153.trc
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4193], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
```
通过以上可以发现，在启动时，扫描到1号文件的 544块出现位图，检查trace文件，

``` shell
#trace文件中报错，显示544文件损坏，类型是 UNDO BLOCK
Block after image is corrupt:
buffer tsn: 0 rdba: 0x00400220 (1/544)
scn: 0x0000.000f2a5c seq: 0x0b flg: 0x04 tail: 0x2a5c020b
frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0x461c type: 0x02=KTU UNDO BLOCK
Hex dump of block: st=0, typ_found=1
Dump of memory from 0x0000000092E76000 to 0x0000000092E78000

#数据库尝试修复，但未成功，再继续看trace文件，下面记录了undo header信息

Doing block recovery for file 1 block 128
Block header before block recovery:
buffer tsn: 0 rdba: 0x00400080 (1/128)
scn: 0x0000.000f2a5d seq: 0x01 flg: 0x04 tail: 0x2a5d0e01
frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0xa4a2 type: 0x0e=KTU UNDO HEADER W/UNLIMITED EXTENTS
Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 1 block 128
Block recovery from logseq 6, block 26150 to scn 993894

Extent Control Header
  -----------------------------------------------------------------
  Extent Header:: spare1: 0      spare2: 0      #extents: 6      #blocks: 47
                  last map  0x00000000  #maps: 0      offset: 4128
      Highwater::  0x00400220  ext#: 4      blk#: 0      ext size: 8
  #blocks in seg. hdr's freelists: 0
  #blocks below: 0
  mapblk  0x00000000  offset: 4
                   Unlocked
     Map Header:: next  0x00000000  #extents: 6    obj#: 0      flag: 0x40000000
  Extent Map
  -----------------------------------------------------------------
   0x00400081  length: 7
   0x00400088  length: 8
   0x00400210  length: 8
   0x00400218  length: 8
   0x00400220  length: 8
   0x00400228  length: 8

TRN CTL:: seq: 0x001c chd: 0x0002 ctl: 0x0018 inc: 0x00000000 nfb: 0x0001
            mgc: 0x8002 xts: 0x0068 flg: 0x0001 opt: 2147483646 (0x7ffffffe)
            uba: 0x00400220.001c.01 scn: 0x0000.000e184c
Version: 0x01
  FREE BLOCK POOL::
    uba: 0x00400220.001c.0a ext: 0x4  spc: 0x17d2
    uba: 0x00000000.001a.02 ext: 0x2  spc: 0x1f16
    uba: 0x00000000.0018.3a ext: 0x0  spc: 0x80e
    uba: 0x00000000.0000.00 ext: 0x0  spc: 0x0
    uba: 0x00000000.0000.00 ext: 0x0  spc: 0x0
```

通过以上信息，我们可以看到，损坏的544，在段头中有连接，也就是1号文件的128块上，搜索 '0x00400220'也可以找出。也就是在open过程中，进程通过128 信息找到544，发现544损坏后报错。那么我们可以通过清空dba地址，不让进程找到544块。

可以通过bbed检查并修改, 
```
BBED> set file 1 block 128
	FILE#          	1
	BLOCK#         	128

BBED> p ktuxc
struct ktuxc, 104 bytes                     @4148    
   struct ktuxcscn, 8 bytes                 @4148    
      ub4 kscnbas                           @4148     0x000e184c
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @4152     0x0000
   struct ktuxcuba, 8 bytes                 @4156    
      ub4 kubadba                           @4156     0x00400220
      ub2 kubaseq                           @4160     0x001c
      ub1 kubarec                           @4162     0x01
   sb2 ktuxcflg                             @4164     1 (KTUXCFSK)
   ub2 ktuxcseq                             @4166     0x001c
   sb2 ktuxcnfb                             @4168     1  #有空闲块可使用
   ub4 ktuxcinc                             @4172     0x00000000
   sb2 ktuxcchd                             @4176     2
   sb2 ktuxcctl                             @4178     24
   ub2 ktuxcmgc                             @4180     0x8002
   ub4 ktuxcopt                             @4188     0x7ffffffe
   struct ktuxcfbp[0], 12 bytes             @4192    
      struct ktufbuba, 8 bytes              @4192    
         ub4 kubadba                        @4192     0x00400220 # dba地址，跟trace文件一直
         ub2 kubaseq                        @4196     0x001c
         ub1 kubarec                        @4198     0x0a
      sb2 ktufbext                          @4200     4
      sb2 ktufbspc                          @4202     6098
```

可以通过清空该地址，启动数据库，参考命令如下：
```
#请谨慎操作
set file 1 block 128
modify /x 00 offset 4168
modify /x 0x00000000 offset 4192
sum apply
```

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【ERROR】存储链路问题造成oracle错误，ora-600[4193] 问题处理

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