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在进行数据迁移,常用到exp/imp工具,该工具可以跨平台、版本。下面介绍下在使用不同版本的exp/imp时候的注意事项
官网说明如下
使用不同版本的exp/imp
无论在什么时候,在不同版本的oracle 数据库中迁移数据时,都必须要遵守如下的基本规则
例如,从低版本的源库exp导出数据,imp导入到高本版目标库,那么exp的版本必须要和源库相同。同理,
从高版本的源库exp导出数据,imp导入到低版本目标库,那么exp的版本必须和目标库相同。
使用不同版本的exp/imp的约束
不同版本exp/imp迁移数据参照表
,参见文章末尾处 表21-5
Using Different Releases of Export and Import
This section describes compatibility issues that relate to using different releases of Export and the Oracle database.
Whenever you are moving data between different releases of the Oracle database, the following basic rules apply:
The Import utility and the database to which data is being imported (the target database) must be the same release. For example, if you try to use the Import utility 9.2.0.7 to import into a 9.2.0.8 database, then you may encounter errors.
The version of the Export utility must be equal to the release of either the source or target database, whichever is earlier.
For example, to create an export file for an import into a later release database, use a version of the Export utility that equals the source database. Conversely, to create an export file for an import into an earlier release database, use a version of the Export utility that equals the release of the target database.
In general, you can use the Export utility from any Oracle8 release to export from an Oracle9 i server and create an Oracle8 export file.
The following restrictions apply when you are using different releases of Export and Import:
Export dump files can be read only by the Import utility because they are stored in a special binary format.
Any export dump file can be imported into a later release of the Oracle database.
The Import utility cannot read export dump files created by the Export utility of a later maintenance release. For example, a release 9.2 export dump file cannot be imported by a release 9.0.1 Import utility.
Whenever a lower version of the Export utility runs with a later release of the Oracle database, categories of database objects that did not exist in the earlier release are excluded from the export.
Export files generated by Oracle9 i Export, either direct path or conventional path, are incompatible with earlier releases of Import and can be imported only with Oracle9 i Import. When backward compatibility is an issue, use the earlier release or version of the Export utility against the Oracle9 idatabase.
shows some examples of which Export and Import releases to use when moving data between different releases of the Oracle database.
Table 21-5 Using Different Releases of Export and Import
| Export from->Import to | Use Export Release | Use Import Release |
|---|---|---|
|
8.1.6 -> 8.1.6 |
8.1.6 |
8.1.6 |
|
8.1.5 -> 8.0.6 |
8.0.6 |
8.0.6 |
|
8.1.7 -> 8.1.6 |
8.1.6 |
8.1.6 |
|
9.0.1 -> 8.1.6 |
8.1.6 |
8.1.6 |
|
9.0.1 -> 9.0.2 |
9.0.1 |
9.0.2 |
|
9.0.2 -> 10.1.0 |
9.0.2 |
10.1.0 |
|
10.1.0 -> 9.0.2 |
9.0.2 |
9.0.2 |
covers moving data only between the original Export and Import utilities. For Oracle Database 10 g release 1 (10.1) or higher, Oracle recommends the Data Pump Export and Import utilities in most cases because these utilities provide greatly enhanced performance compared to the original Export and Import utilities.
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