RMAN之CONVERT整库迁移
rman中的convert命令同样可以迁移数据文件，表空间和整个数据库，此处演示整库迁移的过程：
查看一下支持convert有哪些平台：
SQL> select PLATFORM_NAME,ENDIAN_FORMAT from v$DB_TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM;
PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit) Little
Linux IA (32-bit) Little
HP Tru64 UNIX Little
Linux IA (64-bit) Little
HP Open VMS Little
Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit) Little
Linux 64-bit for AMD Little
Microsoft Windows 64-bit for AMD Little
Solaris Operating System (x86) Little
9 rows selected.
将源库置于READ ONLY
SQL> startup open read only;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218316 bytes
Variable Size 100665588 bytes
Database Buffers 62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
检查是否支持跨平台传输：
SQL> ed
1 declare
2 db_ready boolean;
3 begin
4 db_ready := dbms_tdb.check_db('Linux IA (32-bit)', 2);
5 if(db_ready) then
6 dbms_output.put_line('true');
7 else
8 dbms_output.put_line('false');
9 end if;
10* end;
SQL> set serverout on;
SQL> /
true
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
返回true视为正确
检查是否存在外部对象：
SQL> declare
2 external boolean;
3 begin
4 external := dbms_tdb.check_external;
5 end;
6 /
The following external tables exist in the database:
SH.SALES_TRANSACTIONS_EXT
The following directories exist in the database:
SYS.EXPDP_DIR2, SYS.EXPDP_DIR, SYS.DATA_PUMP_DIR, SYS.SUBDIR, SYS.XMLDIR, SYS.MEDIA_DIR,
SYS.LOG_FILE_DIR, SYS.DATA_FILE_DIR, SYS.WORK_DIR, SYS.ADMIN_DIR
The following BFILEs exist in the database:
PM.PRINT_MEDIA
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
以上输出的对象将不会传输到新的数据库，如果有必要就需DBA手工的将这些对象创建到新的数据库中
执行整库转换：
RMAN> convert database new database 'orcl2'
2> transport script '/u01/rman_convert/whole_db_script.sql'
3> to platform 'Linux IA (32-bit)'
4> db_file_name_convert '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl' '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2'
5> ;
.
.
.
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Run SQL script /u01/rman_convert/whole_db_script.sql on the target platform to create database
Edit init.ora file /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/init_00p5armv_1_0.ora. This PFILE will be used to create the database on the target platform
To recompile all PL/SQL modules, run utlirp.sql and utlrp.sql on the target platform
To change the internal database identifier, use DBNEWID Utility
Finished backup at 09-APR-14
创建数据文件和trace文件的存储路径：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl2/{a,b,c,u}dump
将所以的转换文件和执行脚本复制到目标数据库：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ scp 10.37.100.100:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/* /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/
oracle@10.37.100.100's password:
example01.dbf 100% 100MB 16.7MB/s 00:06
sysaux01.dbf 100% 330MB 13.8MB/s 00:24
system01.dbf 100% 500MB 11.4MB/s 00:44
tts01.dbf 100% 20MB 20.0MB/s 00:01
tts02.dbf 100% 20MB 20.0MB/s 00:00
undotbs001.dbf 100% 100MB 14.3MB/s 00:07
users01.dbf 100% 183MB 15.2MB/s 00:12
[oracle@localhost ~]$ scp 10.37.100.100:/u01/rman_convert/* /u01/rman_convert/
oracle@10.37.100.100's password:
whole_db_script.sql 100% 2853 2.8KB/s 00:00
[oracle@localhost ~]$ scp 10.37.100.100:/u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/init_00p5armv_1_0.ora /u01/rman_convert/
oracle@10.37.100.100's password:
init_00p5armv_1_0.ora 100% 1540 1.5KB/s 00:00
修改cupy过来的参数文件：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cp /u01/rman_convert/init_00p5armv_1_0.ora /u01/rman_convert/init_orcl2.ora
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi /u01/rman_convert/init_orcl2.ora
将相关路径修改成自己的配置：
主要的有以下几个：
control_files = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/control01.ctl","/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/control02.ctl","/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/control03.ctl"
db_recovery_file_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl2"
db_recovery_file_dest_size = 5368709120
background_dump_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl2/bdump"
user_dump_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl2/udump"
core_dump_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl2/cdump"
audit_file_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl2/adump"
db_name = "ORCL2"
修改需要执行的脚本：（也可按照脚本一步一步去修改执行）
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will
-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT PFILE='/u01/rman_convert/init_orcl2.ora'
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "ORCL2" RESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/redo03' SIZE 50M
DATAFILE
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/system01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/sysaux01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/users01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/example01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/tts01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/tts02.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl2/undotbs001.dbf'
CHARACTER SET WE8ISO8859P1
;
-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 22020096 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
set echo off
prompt ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
prompt * Your database has been created successfully!
prompt * There are many things to think about for the new database. Here
prompt * is a checklist to help you stay on track:
prompt * 1. You may want to redefine the location of the directory objects.
prompt * 2. You may want to change the internal database identifier (DBID)
prompt * or the global database name for this database. Use the
prompt * NEWDBID Utility (nid).
prompt ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
STARTUP UPGRADE PFILE='/u01/rman_convert/init_orcl2.ora'
@@ ?/rdbms/admin/utlirp.sql
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
STARTUP PFILE='/u01/rman_convert/init_orcl2.ora'
-- The following step will recompile all PL/SQL modules.
-- It may take serveral hours to complete.
@@ ?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
set feedback 6;
修改脚本相对操作简单，但要认真，不然很出错后差错就麻烦了
设置新的环境变量，进入SQL*plus命令行
[oracle@localhost ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl2
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
执行修改后的脚本：
SQL> @/u01/rman_convert/whole_db_script.sql
期间会重启几次数据库，等待时间较长，要有耐心，尤其是这个时间点：
DOC> 1. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>#
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 threads pls_integer := &&1;
3 BEGIN
4 utl_recomp.recomp_parallel(threads);
5 END;
6 /
执行完成后测试结果：
SQL> conn scott/oracle
Connected.
SQL> select tname from tab;
TNAME
------------------------------
DEPT
EMP
BONUS
SALGRADE
TEST
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