TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u OEL5.6+oracle11.2.0.3+ASM安装... PAGEREF _Toc373510272 \h 1
1. 操作系统安装:... PAGEREF _Toc373510273 \h 1
1.1. 操作系统:... PAGEREF _Toc373510274 \h 1
1.2. 需求... PAGEREF _Toc373510275 \h 2
2. 安装需求:... PAGEREF _Toc373510276 \h 2
2.1. 内存需求:... PAGEREF _Toc373510277 \h 2
2.2. 磁盘需求:... PAGEREF _Toc373510278 \h 2
3. ASM磁盘配置:... PAGEREF _Toc373510279 \h 2
3.1. 自动方式:... PAGEREF _Toc373510280 \h 2
3.2. 手动方式:... PAGEREF _Toc373510281 \h 4
4. Grid 软件安装:... PAGEREF _Toc373510282 \h 6
4.1. install oracle-validated. PAGEREF _Toc373510283 \h 6
4.2. 用户、组、环境变量配置:... PAGEREF _Toc373510284 \h 6
4.3. 软件安装:... PAGEREF _Toc373510285 \h 9
5. 数据库软件安装:... PAGEREF _Toc373510286 \h 11
6. DBCA创建数据库:... PAGEREF _Toc373510287 \h 11
在此次试验和中,我们安装的是Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.6的操系统,用的虚拟机是vmware10.
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# lsb_release –a LSB Version: :core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-ia32:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-ia32:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-ia32:printing-4.0-noarch Distributor ID: EnterpriseEnterpriseServer Description: Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Server release 5.6 (Carthage) Release: 5.6 Codename: Carthage |
1. 在此次安装中,至少需要25G的磁盘分配。
2. 在分别添加两块1G的磁盘。
At least 1.5 GB of RAM for Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server;
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# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo |
1. At least 5.5 GB of disk space.
2. At least 1 GB of space in the /tmp directory.
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# df –k /tmp |
在oracle文档上说明ASM磁盘的配置方式有两种:
我们需要以下三个安装包。其实其中两个在oracle的镜像中有,我们需要到这个地址上下载名为ASMLIB的rpm包
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/downloads/rhel5-084877.html
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[root@Ray disk]# cd Server/ [root@Ray Server]# ls oracleasm*.rpm oracleasm-2.6.18-238.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-2.6.18-238.el5debug-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-2.6.18-238.el5xen-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-support-2.1.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm |
我们可以看到,上面需要的两个包已经有了,我们只是从官网下载ASMLIB的那个包就行了,安装rpm包注意依赖关系:
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[root@Ray Server]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm warning: oracleasm-support-2.1.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:oracleasm-support ########################################### [100%] [root@Ray Server]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-2.6.18-238.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm warning: oracleasm-2.6.18-238.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:oracleasm-2.6.18-238.el########################################### [100%] [root@Ray Server]# rpm -ivh /u01/oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm warning: /u01/oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:oracleasmlib ########################################### [100%] |
我们可以用过一下命令看到磁盘信息:
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root@Ray:/root>ls -l /dev/sd* brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 0 Nov 23 09:59 /dev/sda brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 1 Nov 23 09:59 /dev/sda1 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 2 Nov 23 09:59 /dev/sda2 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 3 Nov 23 09:59 /dev/sda3 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 23 09:59 /dev/sdb brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 17 Nov 23 10:06 /dev/sdb1 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 32 Nov 23 10:03 /dev/sdc brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 33 Nov 23 10:03 /dev/sdc1 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 34 Nov 23 10:04 /dev/sdc2 |
上面看到的sdb,sdc是我们新添加的两块磁盘,我们新添加磁盘之后就需要分区。
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root@Ray:/root>fdisk /dev/sdc Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-261, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-261, default 261): +1024m
Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. |
上面例子,就是说明分一个1024M大小的分区,然后根据磁盘的大小,和要求划分几个分区。
然后使用下面命令创建ASM磁盘
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root@Ray:/root>/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk vol1 /dev/sdc1 Marking disk "vol1" as an ASM disk: [ OK ] root@Ray:/root>/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk vol2 /dev/sdc2 Marking disk "vol2" as an ASM disk: [ OK ] |
通过上面,我们已经完成了自动ASM磁盘的配置
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[root@ray ~]# ls -l /dev/sd* brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 0 Nov 25 21:58 /dev/sda brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 1 Nov 25 21:59 /dev/sda1 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 2 Nov 25 21:59 /dev/sda2 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 3 Nov 25 21:58 /dev/sda3 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 4 Nov 25 21:58 /dev/sda4 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 5 Nov 25 21:59 /dev/sda5 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 25 21:58 /dev/sdb brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 32 Nov 25 21:58 /dev/sdc |
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[root@ray ~]# /bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb /dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8, minor 16 [root@ray ~]# /bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdc /dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8, minor 32 |
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[root@ray ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdb", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660" ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdc", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660 KERNEL=="raw*", WNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660" chown grid:oinstall /dev/raw/raw*" |
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[root@ray ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdc |
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/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb /bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdc chown grid:asmadmin /dev/raw/raw* chmod 0660 /dev/raw/raw* |
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[root@ray ~]# ls -l /dev/raw/raw* crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162, 1 Nov 27 22:25 /dev/raw/raw1 crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162, 2 Nov 27 22:25 /dev/raw/raw2 |
注意:在检查时,注意权限问题。
上面这些,我们就已经完成了对ASM磁盘的手动配置过程。
Oracle ValidatedConfigurations 不仅安装需要的RPM 包,同时会创建安装Oracle 需要的用户和组,修改相关的配置参数文件。
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#mkdir /media/disk |
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#mount /dev/cdrom /media/disk |
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touch /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-el5.repo 将下列内容粘贴如上述文件中 [oel5] name = Enterprise Linux 5.6 DVD baseurl=file:///media/disk/Server/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 |
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#yum install oracle-validated |
需要加入grid用户的设置,oracle用户的设置在安装oracle-validated的时候已经配置完成。
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#[root@ray ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf # Oracle-Validated setting for nofile soft limit is 131072 oracle soft nofile 131072 grid soft nofile 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile hard limit is 131072 oracle hard nofile 131072 grid hard nofile 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc soft limit is 131072 oracle soft nproc 131072 grid soft nproc 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc hard limit is 131072 oracle hard nproc 131072 grid hard nproc 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for core soft limit is unlimited oracle soft core unlimited grid soft core unlimited
# Oracle-Validated setting for core hard limit is unlimited oracle hard core unlimited grid hard core unlimited
# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock soft limit is 50000000 oracle soft memlock 50000000 grid soft memlock 50000000
# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock hard limit is 50000000 oracle hard memlock 50000000 grid hard memlock 50000000 |
这里安装oracle-validated时已经自动创建
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[root@ray ~]# cat /etc/group | grep oinstall oinstall:x:54321: [root@ray ~]# cat /etc/group | grep dba dba:x:54322:oracle |
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[root@ray ~]# groupadd oper [root@ray ~]# groupadd asmadmin [root@ray ~]# groupadd asmdba [root@ray ~]# groupadd asmoper [root@ray ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -c "Grid Infrastructure Owner" grid [root@ray ~]# usermod -G dba,oper,asmdba -c "Database Owner" oracle |
在这里分别要设置oracle用户的环境变量和grid用户的环境变量。
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grid@ray:/home/grid>cat .bash_profile # .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin export PATH export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/grid export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin export ORACLE_SID=+ASM export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin echo -ne "\033]0;${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}\007" export PS1='${LOGNAME}@${HOSTNAME}:${PWD}>' stty erase ^H
设置oracle用户的环境变量: oracle@ray:/home/oracle>cat .bash_profile # .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin export PATH export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/products/11.2.0 export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin export ORACLE_SID=asmdb export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_BASE/products/crs/bin:. echo -ne "\033]0;${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}\007" export PS1='${LOGNAME}@${HOSTNAME}:${PWD}>' |
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mkdir /u01 mkdir /u02 [root@ray ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/ [root@ray ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02
[root@ray ~]# su - oracle oracle@ray:/home/oracle>mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE oracle@ray:/home/oracle>mkdir -p $ORACLE_HOME |
注意上面几个就行了,其他的就不再赘述了。
在数据库软件安装时和平常一样。
注意:在这里如果密码太过简单的话会报错。不过也可以忽略。
在这里注意Storage Type选择ASM,如果在这里没有显示+DATA或者你自己的名字时,说明磁盘组没有挂在上,我们可以选择手动mount也可以选择自动mount:
其中手动mount为:
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Alter database diskgroup (name) mount; |
自动mount的方式为:
在grid用户下进入使用asmca进行图像化管理。
在这一步注意字符集的问题,字符集取决于你的业务需求等各种原因。
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