最近集团部分oracle 11.2.0.1的RAC数据库在使用scanip作为tnsnames.ora配置后，总是会报出ORA-12545 or ORA-12537 的错误查metalink发现原来是oracle11.2.0.1的一个bug，该问题在11.2.0.2上已解决，再次小记作为备忘：
错误描述：
Error ORA-12545 or ORA-12537 reported while trying to connect to 11gR2 Real Application Cluster (RAC) database through SCAN name
触发原因：
Client is able to resolve all Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) SCAN and VIP name but not short ones(without domain name) as its in different domain; even though FQDN names were specified during Grid Infrastructure setup, due to bug 9150053 by default DBCA set database parameter local_listener to short node VIP name while database is created.
测试ping无问题：
In following example, eotcs.us.oracle.com is SCAN name and eyrac1fv.us.oracle.com is one of the node VIP name, on client machine:
ping -c 1 eotcs.us.oracle.com
PING eotcs.us.oracle.com (120.0.0.207) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 120.0.0.207: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms

ping -c 1 ping eotcs
ping: unknown host eotcs

ping -c 1 eyrac1fv.us.oracle.com
PING eyrac1fv.us.oracle.com (120.0.0.211) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 120.0.0.211: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms

ping -c 1 ping eyrac1fv
ping: unknown host eyrac1fv

解决方案：

1. Database level setting:

Modify pfile/spfile parameter local_listener to use FQDN VIP name or VIP.

SQL> alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=eyrac1fv.us.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))))' sid='b2no1';

Or

SQL> alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=120.0.0.211)(PORT=1521))))' sid='b2no1';

And register with listener:

SQL> alter system register;

2. Per client setting:

Specify FQDN SCAN name in client tnsnames.ora and add all node VIP name/IP pairs to hosts file:

grep eyrac1fv /etc/hosts
120.0.0.211 eyrac1fv.us.oracle.com eyrac1fv

Or set search domain: in /etc/resolv.conf on Linux/Unix or "Append DNS suffixes" on Windows

Linux/Unix:

grep search /etc/resolv.conf
search us.oracle.com

Windows:

Network Connection => Property for Public Network => Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) => Advanced => DNS => Append these DNS suffices (in order)

以上均出自oracle metalink查询所得，仅供大家参考学习。

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ORA-12545 or ORA-12537 While Connecting to RAC through SCAN name

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