Flash Recovery Area空间不足导致数据库不能打开或hang住 

ORA-16014错误解决办法

1.问题以及解决过程 
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
MOUNTED
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误 :
ORA-16014: 日志 2 的序列号 27 未归档, 没有可用的目的地 
ORA-00312: 联机日志 2 线程 1:
'D:/ORACLE/PRODUCT/10.2.0/ORADATA/ORCL/REDO02.LOG'

SQL> show parameter db_recovery_file
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string      D:/oracle/product/10.2.0/flash_recovery_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size        big integer 2G
SQL> alter system archive log current;
alter system archive log current
*
第 1 行出现错误 :
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开 

SQL> alter system switch logfile;
alter system switch logfile
*
第 1 行出现错误 :
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开 

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开 

已经卸载数据库。 
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。 
SQL> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。 
Total System Global Area  201326592 bytes
Fixed Size                  1248092 bytes
Variable Size              88081572 bytes
Database Buffers          109051904 bytes
Redo Buffers                2945024 bytes
数据库装载完毕。 
ORA-16038: 日志 2 序列号 27 无法归档 
ORA-19809: 超出了恢复文件数的限制 
ORA-00312: 联机日志 2 线程 1:
'D:/ORACLE/PRODUCT/10.2.0/ORADATA/ORCL/REDO02.LOG'

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误 :
ORA-16014: 日志 2 的序列号 27 未归档, 没有可用的目的地 
ORA-00312: 联机日志 2 线程 1:
'D:/ORACLE/PRODUCT/10.2.0/ORADATA/ORCL/REDO02.LOG'

SQL> show parameter db_recovery
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string      D:/oracle/product/10.2.0/flash_recovery_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 2G
SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=3G scope=both;
系统已更改。 
SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改。 
2.反思： 
(1).检查 flash recovery area的使用情况： 
SQL> select * from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
FILE_TYPE    PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE NUMBER_OF_FILES
------------ ------------------ ------------------------- ---------------
CONTROLFILE                   0                         0               0
ONLINELOG                     0                         0               0
ARCHIVELOG                 6.36                         0               4
BACKUPPIECE                 .22                         0               1
IMAGECOPY                 63.68                         0               5
FLASHBACKLOG                .51                       .25               2
已选择 6行。 
SQL>
(2).计算 flash recovery area已经占用的空间： 
SQL> select sum(percent_space_used)*3/100 from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
SUM(PERCENT_SPACE_USED)*3/100
-----------------------------
                       2.1231
可以看到，这里已经有 2.1231G使用了，这说明我们刚开始设置的 db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G不足，导致online redo log 无法归档，在这里，我们通过设置 db_recovery_file_dest_size参数，增大了flash recovery area来解决这个问题。  

注意：这里的 *3 是db_recovery_file_dest_size 的大小，要根据自己的参数进行调整！