简介:
Sqluldr2:专业用于大数据量导出工具之一,效率比普通导出快70%。 ( Sqlldr:专业用于导入的工具之一,请注意两个工具的区别。),在使用时,最好用磁盘写入速度快,网络好,网速快的做。
工具列表:
针对不同平台用不同的导出工具:
Windows: sqluldr2.exe
Linux(32位): sqluldr2_linux32_10204.bin
Linux(64位): sqluldr2_linux64_10204.bin
使用说明 (Windows平台):
使用sqluldr2的步骤:
1.打开运行àcmd进入到sqluldr2.exe的当前目录
2.参数介绍
User=用户/密码@tns
Query=”查询语句”
File= 导出的路径
Head= 输出信息时,yes表示要表头,no表示不要表头
注意:想查看更多参数,请输入 sqluldr2 help=yes
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C:\Users\meng\Desktop\sqluldr2>sqluldr2.exe help=yes
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SQL*UnLoader: Fast Oracle Text Unloader (GZIP, Parallel), Release 4.0.1
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(@) Copyright Lou Fangxin (AnySQL.net) 2004 - 2010, all rights reserved.
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License: Free for non-commercial useage, else 100 USD per server.
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Usage: SQLULDR2 keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]
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Valid Keywords:
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user = username/password@tnsname
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sql = SQL file name
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query = select statement
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field = separator string between fields
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record = separator string between records
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rows = print progress for every given rows (default, 1000000)
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file = output file name(default: uldrdata.txt)
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log = log file name, prefix with + to append mode
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fast = auto tuning the session level parameters(YES)
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text = output type (MYSQL, CSV, MYSQLINS, ORACLEINS, FORM, SEARCH).
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charset = character set name of the target database.
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ncharset= national character set name of the target database.
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parfile = read command option from parameter file
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read = set DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT at session level
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sort = set SORT_AREA_SIZE at session level (UNIT:MB)
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hash = set HASH_AREA_SIZE at session level (UNIT:MB)
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array = array fetch size
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head = print row header(Yes|No)
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batch = save to new file for every rows batch (Yes/No)
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size = maximum output file piece size (UNIB:MB)
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serial = set _serial_direct_read to TRUE at session level
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trace = set event 10046 to given level at session level
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table = table name in the sqlldr control file
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control = sqlldr control file and path.
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mode = sqlldr option, INSERT or APPEND or REPLACE or TRUNCATE
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buffer = sqlldr READSIZE and BINDSIZE, default 16 (MB)
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long = maximum long field size
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width = customized max column width (w1:w2:...)
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quote = optional quote string
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data = disable real data unload (NO, OFF)
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alter = alter session SQLs to be execute before unload
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safe = use large buffer to avoid ORA-24345 error (Yes|No)
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crypt = encrypted user information only (Yes|No)
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sedf/t = enable character translation function
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null = replace null with given value
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escape = escape character for special characters
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escf/t = escape from/to characters list
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format = MYSQL: MySQL Insert SQLs, SQL: Insert SQLs.
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exec = the command to execute the SQLs.
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prehead = column name prefix for head line.
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rowpre = row prefix string for each line.
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rowsuf = row sufix string for each line.
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colsep = separator string between column name and value.
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presql = SQL or scripts to be executed before data unload.
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postsql = SQL or scripts to be executed after data unload.
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lob = extract lob values to single file (FILE).
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lobdir = subdirectory count to store lob files .
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split = table name for automatically parallelization.
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degree = parallelize data copy degree (2-128).
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hint = MySQL SQL hint for the Insert, for example IGNORE.
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unique = Unique Column List for the MySQL target table.
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update = Enable MySQL ON DUPLICATE SQL statement(YES/NO).
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for field and record, you can use '0x' to specify hex character code,
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\r=0x0d \n=0x0a |=0x7c ,=0x2c, \t=0x09, :=0x3a, #=0x23, "=0x22 '=0x27
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C:\Users\meng\Desktop\sqluldr2>
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代码例子1:
sqluldr2.exe USER=用户/密码@tnsQUERY="select /*+ parallel(8) */ *from cs_XXX dt,cfg_XXX devdim105 wheredt.starttime>=to_date('2012-06-27 00:00:00','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') and dt.starttime<=to_date('2012-06-2700:01:59','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') AND dt.msc= devdim105.mapvalue(+) ANDdevdim105.deviceid=15 " head=yes FILE=F:\cs_XXX_test.csv
代码例子2(这种方式用于导出的查询sql很长,那么就把sql写在123.sql文件里 ):
sqluldr2.exe USER=用户/密码@tns sql=123.sqlhead=yes FILE=F:\cs_XXX_test.csv
3.在cmd里,直接把步骤2的代码例子1 ,贴进去执行。
注:如果执行报报错,就有可能是环境变量path的问题,还有就是plsql需要的oci.dll文件等多个dll文件,请放在sqluldr2的目录下。
4.查看结果F:\cs_XXX_test.csv
5.打开csv里面的内容,就可以用sqlldr进行 入库。
--如果是linux版本
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[root@localhost export_xdr]# ./sqluldr2_linux64_10204.bin
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SQL*UnLoader: Fast Oracle Text Unloader (GZIP, Parallel), Release 4.0.1
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(@) Copyright Lou Fangxin (AnySQL.net) 2004 - 2010, all rights reserved.
-
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Usage: SQLULDR2 keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]
-
-
Valid Keywords:
-
user = username/password@tnsname
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sql = SQL file name
-
query = select statement
-
field = separator string between fields
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record = separator string between records
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rows = print progress for every given rows (default, 1000000)
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file = output file name(default: uldrdata.txt)
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log = log file name, prefix with + to append mode
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fast = auto tuning the session level parameters(YES)
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text = output type (MYSQL, CSV, MYSQLINS, ORACLEINS, FORM, SEARCH).
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charset = character set name of the target database.
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ncharset= national character set name of the target database.
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parfile = read command option from parameter file
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for field and record, you can use '0x' to specify hex character code,
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\r=0x0d \n=0x0a |=0x7c ,=0x2c, \t=0x09, :=0x3a, #=0x23, "=0x22 '=0x27
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[root@localhost export_xdr]# cd /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/
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[root@localhost lib]# ls
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glogin.sql libclntsh.so.10.1 libnnz11.so libocci.so.11.1 libocijdbc11.so libsqlplus.so ojdbc6.jar xstreams.jar
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libclntsh.so libclntsh.so.11.1 libocci.so libociei.so libsqlplusic.so ojdbc5.jar ottclasses.zip
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[root@localhost lib]# ls -l
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total 185012
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 368 Sep 17 2011 glogin.sql
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 26 17:08 libclntsh.so -> libclntsh.so.11.1
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Jan 26 17:31 libclntsh.so.10.1 -> libclntsh.so
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 52761218 Sep 17 2011 libclntsh.so.11.1
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7955322 Sep 17 2011 libnnz11.so
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jan 26 17:08 libocci.so -> libocci.so.11.1
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[root@localhost export_xdr]# history |grep ln
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94 find / -name libclntsh.so.10.1
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95 find / -name libclntsh.so
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116 find / -name libclntsh.so
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127 ln libclntsh.so.10.1 libocci.so
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128 ln libocci.so libclntsh.so.10.1
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130 rm libclntsh.so.10.1 -f
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132 ln libclntsh.so libclntsh.so.10.1
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134 rm libclntsh.so.10.1 -f
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135 ln libclntsh.so.10.1 libclntsh.so
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./sqluldr2_linux64_10204.bin user=unxx/密码@192.168.x.x:1521/unxx query="select/*+ parallel(2) */STARTTIME, ENDTIME,phone,imei,rantype,HCITY from v_ps_xxx dt,mv_terminal cc where endtime_par>=trunc(sysdate)-1 and endtime_par<trunc(sysdate)-1+1/24 and dt.TACID=cc.TACID(+) " head=yes field=0x09 text=txt file='/BigData/export_xdr/exportting.txt.tmp';
补充:
兄弟们,在安装的时候,是不是经常遇到报错?
比如:
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[root@FCJ-2F-21 ~]# ./sqluldr2_linux64_10204.bin
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./sqluldr2_linux64_10204.bin: error while loading shared libraries: libclntsh.so.10.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
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[root@FCJ-2F-21 ~]# more /etc/profile
方法一:
这个so文件,在安装oracle后,肯定是有的,如果没有可以用软连接 ln -s xxxx libclntsh.so.10.1
1.下面只需配置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
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[oracle@FCJ-2F-21 lib]$ more /etc/profile
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# /etc/profile
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# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
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# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
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pathmunge () {
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if ! echo $PATH | /bin/egrep -q "(^|:)$1($|:)" ; then
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if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
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PATH=$PATH:$1
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else
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PATH=$1:$PATH
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fi
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fi
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}
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# ksh workaround
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if [ -z "$EUID" -a -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
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EUID=`id -u`
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UID=`id -ru`
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fi
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# Path manipulation
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if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
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pathmunge /sbin
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pathmunge /usr/sbin
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pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
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fi
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# No core files by default
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ulimit -S -c 0 > /dev/null 2>&1
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if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
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USER="`id -un`"
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LOGNAME=$USER
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MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
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fi
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HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname`
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HISTSIZE=1000
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if [ -z "$INPUTRC" -a ! -f "$HOME/.inputrc" ]; then
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INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
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fi
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export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC
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# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
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# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
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# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
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# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
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if [ $UID -gt 99 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
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umask 002
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else
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umask 022
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fi
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for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
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if [ -r "$i" ]; then
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if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
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. $i
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else
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. $i >/dev/null 2>&1
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fi
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fi
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done
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unset i
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unset pathmunge
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export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
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export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
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export TNS_ADMIN=/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client64/
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export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
2.source /etc/profile
成功。
方法二:(来自其他网友)
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如果共享库文件安装到了/usr/local/lib(很多开源的共享库都会安装到该目录下)或其它"非/lib或/usr/lib"目录下, 那么在执行ldconfig命令前, 还要把新共享库目录加入到共享库配置文件/etc/ld.so.conf中, 如下:
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# cat /etc/ld.so.conf
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include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
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# echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
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# ldconfig
----实例演示
下载完sqluldr2,文件夹内容如下:
sqluldr2_linux32_10204.bin和sqluldr2_linux64_10204.bin分别适用于与linux32位和linux64位操作系统;
sqluldr2.exe用于windows平台。
以下是导出导入过程:
1、首先将sqluldr2.exe复制到到$ORACLE_HOME的bin目录,即可开始使用:
2、查看help帮助:
3、执行导出数据命令:
sqluldr2.exe USER=hh/hh@tiod QUERY="select /*+ parallel(2) */ *from hh.ent_person" table=ent_person head=yes FILE=C:\ent_person.txt
p.s. head=yes表示第一行为表头;并且query也可以写入一个文件然后使用sql选项。
默认分隔字符为逗号,如果列中有特殊字符,可使用field选项指定新的分隔字符。
4、数据已经导入到C:\ent_person.txt,几十万数据秒速。
5、使用sqlldr进行导入,首先找到$ORACLE_HOME的bin目录生成的ctl文件,当sqluldr2有table选项会默认生成ctl文件,以用于导入。
6、将数据加载到数据库中:
sqlldr jms/jms@tiod control=ent_person_sqlldr.ctl log=ent_person_sqlldr.log bad=ent_person_sqlldr_bad.log skip=1 errors=5000 rows=5000 bindsize=335542
p.s. skip=1表示跳过第一行,从第二行开始导入。
7、最后查看log是否有数据没有导入: