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[20221028]rman使用tape与增量备份测试2.txt

原创 Oracle 作者：lfree 时间：2022-11-02 20:38:35 0 删除 编辑

[20221028]rman使用tape与增量备份测试2.txt

--//参考链接:2017/201702/[20170208]rman tape.txt 2017/201702/[20170213]rman tape测试.txt
--//生产系统采用虚拟磁带库的备份方式,我以前发现不支持压缩.参考连接http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2645144/
--//最近遇到增量不能使用BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING文件的情况,最后发现对方备份脚本执行
alter database disable block change tracking;
--//导致的情况.奇葩的运维人员....无语啊.
--//前几天测试使用的数据文件没有数据写入,换成数据文件1测试看看,当时的测试有点乱.

1.环境:
SCOTT@book> @ver1
PORT_STRING                    VERSION        BANNER
------------------------------ -------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx            11.2.0.4.0     Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

--//先做一些清理工作.
ALTER DATABASE disable BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;
--//RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' clear;
--//RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;
--//并且删除以前测试做的全部备份集.

$ cat ckfile.txt
SELECT file#
    , incremental_level
    , completion_time
    , datafile_blocks
    , blocks_read
    , blocks_read/datafile_blocks* 100 AS PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP
    , blocks
  FROM v$backup_datafile
 WHERE  file# in (&&1) order by 3;

2.建立测试环境:
--//测试前清理全部备份文件集略.
--//在rman下执行,模拟tape方式:
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS  'SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/u01/backup)';

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS  'SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/u01/backup)';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO SBT_TAPE;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO 'SBT_TAPE';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

3.测试1:
--//采用模拟tape方式,没有打开BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING:
RMAN> backup incremental level=0 datafile 1 ;

Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:04:00
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: SID=53 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: WARNING: Oracle Test Disk API
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:04:00
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:04:03
piece handle=gs1bd1k0_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T090400 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:04:03

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:04:03
piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-00 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:04:10

--//继续测试,采用模拟tape方式,打开BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING:
SYS@book> ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING using file '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/block_change_tracking.f' ;
Database altered.

SYS@book> SELECT * FROM V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING
  2  @ pr
==============================
STATUS                        : ENABLED
FILENAME                      : /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/block_change_tracking.f
BYTES                         : 11599872
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
--//已经开启块跟踪特性.

RMAN> backup incremental level=1 datafile 1 ;
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:05:06
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:05:06
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:05:07
piece handle=gu1bd1m2_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T090506 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:05:07

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:05:07
piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-01 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:05:08

SYS@book> @ ckfile.txt 1
     FILE# INCREMENTAL_LEVEL COMPLETION_TIME     DATAFILE_BLOCKS BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP     BLOCKS
---------- ----------------- ------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------- ----------
         1                 0 2022-10-28 09:04:02           99840       99840                 100      83579
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:05:07           99840       99840                 100          5
--//BLOCKS_READ并没有减少,因为BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING后才可是记录块scn的变化.而level=0备份在启用之前.

$ ll /u01/backup/[g]*
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 687865872 2022-10-28 09:04:02 /u01/backup/gs1bd1k0_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall   4194320 2022-10-28 09:05:07 /u01/backup/gu1bd1m2_1_1
--//仅仅备份变化的部分,备份文件减少了

RMAN> backup incremental level=1 datafile 1 ;
Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:06:26
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:06:26
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:06:27
piece handle=h01bd1oi_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T090626 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:06:27

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:06:27
piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-02 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:06:28

SYS@book> @ ckfile.txt 1
     FILE# INCREMENTAL_LEVEL COMPLETION_TIME     DATAFILE_BLOCKS BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP     BLOCKS
---------- ----------------- ------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------- ----------
         1                 0 2022-10-28 09:04:02           99840       99840                 100      83579
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:05:07           99840       99840                 100          5
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:06:26           99840           1          .001001603          1
--//可以使用这时块跟踪文件.BLOCKS_READ=1.因为这次增量备份之前做了一次增量在启动块跟踪特性之前(有点绕口).

$ ll /u01/backup/[gh]*
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 687865872 2022-10-28 09:04:02 /u01/backup/gs1bd1k0_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall   4194320 2022-10-28 09:05:07 /u01/backup/gu1bd1m2_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall   4194320 2022-10-28 09:06:26 /u01/backup/h01bd1oi_1_1

--//如果使用累积增量,可能不行,可以如下验证:
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative datafile 1;
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:08:53
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:08:53
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:08:54
piece handle=h21bd1t5_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T090853 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:08:54

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:08:54
piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-03 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:08:55

SYS@book> @ ckfile.txt 1
     FILE# INCREMENTAL_LEVEL COMPLETION_TIME     DATAFILE_BLOCKS BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP     BLOCKS
---------- ----------------- ------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------- ----------
         1                 0 2022-10-28 09:04:02           99840       99840                 100      83579
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:05:07           99840       99840                 100          5
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:06:26           99840           1          .001001603          1
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:08:54           99840       99840                 100          7
--//可以发现累积cumulative模式无法使用,当前这样的情况下.

--//再次执行累积备份也是一样的情况.
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative datafile 1;
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Starting backup at 2022-10-28 09:10:15
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:10:16
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-10-28 09:10:17
piece handle=h41bd1vo_1_1 tag=TAG20221028T091015 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2022-10-28 09:10:17

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:10:17
piece handle=c-1337401710-20221028-04 comment=API Version 2.0,MMS Version 8.1.3.0
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-10-28 09:10:18

SYS@book> @ ckfile.txt 1
     FILE# INCREMENTAL_LEVEL COMPLETION_TIME     DATAFILE_BLOCKS BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP     BLOCKS
---------- ----------------- ------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------- ----------
         1                 0 2022-10-28 09:04:02           99840       99840                 100      83579
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:05:07           99840       99840                 100          5
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:06:26           99840           1          .001001603          1
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:08:54           99840       99840                 100          7
         1                 1 2022-10-28 09:10:16           99840       99840                 100          7

$ ll /u01/backup/[gh]*
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 687865872 2022-10-28 09:04:02 /u01/backup/gs1bd1k0_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall   4194320 2022-10-28 09:05:07 /u01/backup/gu1bd1m2_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall   4194320 2022-10-28 09:06:26 /u01/backup/h01bd1oi_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall   4194320 2022-10-28 09:08:54 /u01/backup/h21bd1t5_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall   4194320 2022-10-28 09:10:16 /u01/backup/h41bd1vo_1_1

4.收尾还原:
RMAN> delete backupset completed after 'sysdate -1';
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' clear;
RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;
RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' clear;

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：https://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2921600/ ，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

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lfree
专家姓名：张文胜
熟悉oracle相关技术，擅长sql优化，rman备份与恢复，熟悉linux shell编程。

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