备份与恢复（ Parameter 文件恢复篇）

环境： oracle 版本 10.2.0.1

系统： contes 5.6

实验（一）， parameter 文件损坏之利用 alert.log 日志编写恢复。

1、   实验环境，直接删除参数文件。

[ora@dg-pp dbs]$ rm -rf initoracle.ora
2 、关闭数据库（ shutdown immediate ），并开启数据库报错信息

SQL> startup

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initoracle.ora'

恢复：

1、   查看 alert 日志，截取开启数据库日志

processes                 = 150

  sga_target                = 457179136

  control_files             = /opt/oracle/oradata/oracle/control01.ctl, /opt/oracle/oradata/oracle/control02.ctl, /opt/oracle/oradata/oracle/control03.ctl

  db_block_size             = 8192

  compatible                = 10.2.0.1.0

  db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16

  db_recovery_file_dest     = /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area

  db_recovery_file_dest_size= 2147483648

  undo_management           = AUTO

  undo_tablespace           = UNDOTBS1

  remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE

  db_domain                 =

  dispatchers               = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oracleXDB)

  job_queue_processes       = 10

  background_dump_dest      = /opt/oracle/admin/oracle/bdump

  user_dump_dest            = /opt/oracle/admin/oracle/udump

  core_dump_dest            = /opt/oracle/admin/oracle/cdump

  audit_file_dest           = /opt/oracle/admin/oracle/adump

  db_name                   = oracle

  open_cursors              = 300

  pga_aggregate_target      = 150994944

2 、 vi  initoracle.ora

processes                 = 150

  sga_target                = 457179136

  control_files             = /opt/oracle/oradata/oracle/control01.ctl, /opt/oracle/oradata/oracle/control02.ctl, /opt/oracle/oradata/oracle/control03.ctl

  db_block_size             = 8192

  compatible                = 10.2.0.1.0

  db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16

  db_recovery_file_dest     = /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area

  db_recovery_file_dest_size= 2147483648

  undo_management           = AUTO

  undo_tablespace           = UNDOTBS1

  remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE

  db_domain                 =

   dispatchers               = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oracleXDB)

  job_queue_processes       = 10

  background_dump_dest      = /opt/oracle/admin/oracle/bdump

  user_dump_dest            = /opt/oracle/admin/oracle/udump

  core_dump_dest            = /opt/oracle/admin/oracle/cdump

  audit_file_dest           = /opt/oracle/admin/oracle/adump

  db_name                   = oracle

  open_cursors              = 300

  pga_aggregate_target      = 150994944

3 、开启数据库

SQL> startup

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00116: syntax error at 'dispatchers' following '='

进行 vi initoracle.ora 以下修改

# db_domain                 =

  dispatchers               = '(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oracleXDB) '

添加 ’’ ，就 OK 了。

再次开启数据库

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area   457179136 bytes

Fixed Size                   1219976 bytes

Variable Size              134218360 bytes

Database Buffers           318767104 bytes

Redo Buffers                 2973696 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

总结： 从 alert 日志里 copy 过来的一般可能会少 ’’ ，所以在编辑 initoracle.ora 文件的时候，如果提示错误，可以添加 ’’ 。