环境：

oralce 11g 11.2.0.3单节点

报错信息：

SQL> startup nomount;
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initshdb.ora'

无法启动到nomount状态：

找不到pfile文件

到dbs目录下面去找pfile文件

[oracle@test dbs]$ mv initshdb1.ora initshdb.ora

[oracle@test dbs]$ ll
total 16
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 Dec  5 09:58 hc_shdb.dat
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2851 May 15  2009 init.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1290 Nov 29 10:51 initshdb.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   24 Nov 29 11:36 lkSHDB
[oracle@test dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Dec 7 10:18:50 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 6413680640 bytes
Fixed Size                  2240344 bytes
Variable Size            1107296424 bytes
Database Buffers         5284823040 bytes
Redo Buffers               19320832 bytes
SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /mnt/data/archivelog/
Oldest online log sequence     109
Next log sequence to archive   113
Current log sequence           113
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

可以启动。