支持数据库版本：10gR2、11gR2

1. asm 相关初始化参数

1-1. parameter db_unique_name, 可通过 alter 命令修改
> show parameter db_unique_name
name type value
-------------- ------ -----
db_unique_name string +asm

1-2. instance_type
> show parameter instance_type
name type value
------------- ------ -----
instance_type string asm

1-3. asm_power_limit, 1 - 11, 默认是 1, 指定 rebalance 消耗资源等级
> show parameter asm_power_limit
name type value
--------------- ------- -----
asm_power_limit integer 1

1-4. asm_diskgroups, asm 启动时或 all mount 时自动挂载的磁盘组
> show parameter asm_diskgroups
name type value
-------------- ------ --------
asm_diskgroups string dg2, dg1

> alter system set asm_diskgroups='' sid='*';
> alter system set asm_diskgroups=dg1,dg2,dg3 sid='*';

1-5. asm_diskstring, 默认是 null, 所有 asm 拥有读写权限的磁盘
> show parameter asm_diskstring
name type value
-------------- ------ -------------
asm_diskstring string /dev/raw/raw*

1-6. db_create_file_dest
# 对于数据库实例 (类型是 RDBMS) 有效
# 指定 OMF 自动创建文件名的磁盘组, 创建是可以不指定磁盘组

> alter system set db_create_file_dest='DG1';

2. asm 相关操作
export oracle_sid=+asm
sqlplus / as sysdba

2-1. 创建磁盘组, force 可以将磁盘从其他组移动到这一组
create diskgroup dg1 normal redundancy
failgroup fg1 disk
'/dev/raw/raw1' name disk01,
'/dev/raw/raw2' name disk02
failgroup fg2 disk
'/dev/raw/raw3' name disk03,
'/dev/raw/raw4' name disk04;

create diskgroup dg2 external redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6';

2-2. 删除磁盘组
drop diskgroup dg1 including contents;

2-3. 增加/删除磁盘
alter diskgroup dg1 add disk '/asmdisks/asm*1', '/asmdisks/asm*2';
alter diskgroup dg1 add disk '/asmdisks/asm[123]' rebalance wait;
alter diskgroup dg1 drop disk disk01 rebalance wait;
alter diskgroup dg1 undrop disks;

2-4. 改变磁盘大小
alter diskgroup dg1 resize disk disk01 size 100g;
alter diskgroup dg1 resize disks in failgroup fg1 size 100g;
alter diskgroup dg1 resize all size 100g;

2-5. rebalance 磁盘组
alter diskgroup dg1 rebalance power 5 [wait];

2-6. 查看后台正在进行的操作
select * from v$asm_operation;

2-7. 挂载/卸载磁盘组
alter diskgroup all dismount;
alter diskgroup all mount;
alter diskgroup dg1 dismount;
alter diskgroup dg1 mount;

2-8. 创建/修改/删除模板
alter diskgroup dg1 add template template1 attributes (mirror fine);
alter diskgroup dg1 alter template template1 attributes (coarse);
alter diskgroup dg1 drop template template1;

unprotected
mirror
coarse
fine

2-9. 创建/重命名/删除目录
alter diskgroup dg1 add directory '+dg1/dir1';
alter diskgroup dg1 rename directory '+dg1/dir1' to '+dg1/dir_2';
alter diskgroup dg1 drop directory '+dg1/dir_2' force;

2-10. 创建/重命名/删除别名
alter diskgroup dg1 add alias '+dg1/dir/file.dbf' for '+dg1/asmdb/datafile/ts.342.3';
alter diskgroup dg1 add alias '+dg1/dir/file.dbf' for '+dg1.342.3';
alter diskgroup dg1 rename alias '+dg1/dir/file.dbf' to '+dg1/dir/file2.dbf';
alter diskgroup dg1 delete alias '+dg1/dir/file.dbf';

2-11. 删除文件
alter diskgroup dg1 drop file '+dg1/dir/file.dbf';
alter diskgroup dg1 drop file '+dg1.342.3';
alter diskgroup dg1 drop file '+dg1/asmdb/datafile/ts.342.3';

2-12. 检查元数据
alter diskgroup dg1 check file '+dg1/dir/file.dbf'
alter diskgroup disk_group_1 check failgroup failure_group_1;
alter diskgroup dg1 check disk disk01;
alter diskgroup dg1 check all;

3. 相关视图
select * from dict where table_name like 'V$ASM_%';

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ASM基础知识

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