首页 > 数据库 > Oracle > oracle执行计划与统计信息的一些总结
来自:http://hi.baidu.com/dba_jungle/blog/item/874751ab58a1ecbccb130cd2.html
1、SET AUTOTRACE ON EXPLAIN
(set autot on exp)
SQLPLUS的命令,在执行SQL语句的同时显示执行计划,设置EXP(LAIN)的目的是只显示执行计划而不显示统计信息.。
2、SQL>explain plan for select ````````;
SQL>select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);
执行了set autotrace on explain语句之后,接下来的查询、插入、更新、删除语句就会显示执行计划,直到执行“set autotrace off;”语句。如果是设置了set autotrace on,除了会显示执行计划之外,还会显示一些有用的统计信息。
执行EXPLAIN PLAN FOR 可以只显示执行计划,然后执行如下查询
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);
如:
SQL> explain plan for select * from emp where deptno='20';
Explained.
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3956160932
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 5 | 150 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 5 | 150 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("DEPTNO"=20)
13 rows selected.
3、SQL>exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats(USER,'表');(删除表的统计信息)
SQL>exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(USER,'表',METHOD_OPT=>'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 100')(收集表的统计信息)
4、AUTOTRACE的几个常用选项
set autotrace off ---------------- 不生成autotrace 报告,这是缺省模式
set autotrace on explain ------ autotrace只显示优化器执行路径报告
set autotrace on statistics -- 只显示执行统计信息
set autotrace on ----------------- 包含执行计划和统计信息
set autotrace traceonly ------ 同set autotrace on,但是不显示查询输
(1). set autotrace on explain; --只显示执行计划
SQL> set autotrace on explain;
SQL>
----------
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
(2). set autotrace on statistics;--只显示统计信息
SQL> set autotrace on statistics;
SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects;
----------
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
(3). set autotrace traceonly;--同set autotrace on 只是不显示查询输出
SQL> set autotrace traceonly;
SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects;
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
(4).set autotrace traceonly explain;--比较实用的选项,只显示执行计划,但是与set autotrace on explain;相比不会执行语句,对于仅仅查看大表的Explain Plan非常管用。
SQL> set autotrace traceonly explain;
SQL> select * from dba_objects;
已用时间:
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
5、analyze
analyze table hr.employees compute(estimate) statistics;(compute收集每一行数据的统计信息,比较耗时;estimate收集一部分数据行的统计信息)
select t.owner,t.table_name,t.tablespace_name,t.blocks,t.empty_blocks,t.avg_space
from dba_tables t
where t.owner='HR';
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