探索ORACLE之RMAN_04非一致性备份

作者：吴伟龙

在上一篇博文中提到了数据库的一致性备份，操作非常的简单。只需要一条很短的命令即可完成，但是如果要创建一正式库的备份，一般不建议用一致性备份，也不建议用很简单的名来完成。而是更多的采用脚本实现非一致性备份，这样将可通过backup+archive log+redo有效的将数据恢复到最近一次改变的状态，可以达到数据的丢失最小化。

创建非一致性备份

 创建非一致性备份数据库必须处于归档(archive log)模式，因为非一致性备份的数据库文件和控制文件的SCN号可能会不一致。并且可以在数据库打开并不影响业务的情况下完成数据的备份工作；那么这样的备份将是不一致性的备份，那么如果要恢复可以通过backup+archive log+redo来恢复到最近一次日志切换时候的数据，而不是最后一次备份时候的数据。

1.1检查归档状态：

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode            No Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Disabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence      9

Current log sequence           11

SQL>

必须打开归档归档

SQL> shutdown immediate    -----打开归档必须将数据库重启到mount状态

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218968 bytes

Variable Size              79693416 bytes

Database Buffers          197132288 bytes

Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> alter database archivelog;      ----执行开启归档命令

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;           -----打开数据库

Database altered.

SQL> col instance_name format a15

SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;     ----查看数据库状态

INSTANCE_NAME   STATUS

--------------- ------------------------

WWL             OPEN

SQL>

SQL> archive log list;                    ------查看归档状态，已经是归档状态了

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     9

Next log sequence to archive   11

Current log sequence           11

SQL>

1.2执行备份   (执行备份命令实际上是跟一致性备份是一样的)

1.2.1        备份数据库

RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 23-MAY-12

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=145 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00001 name=/DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

input datafile fno=00003 name=/DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile fno=00002 name=/DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile fno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0anbmtkr_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T121210 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:46

Finished backup at 23-MAY-12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-00 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

1.2.2        备份USER表空间

RMAN>  backup tablespace users;

Starting backup at 23-MAY-12

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0cnbn2a3_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133147 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04

Finished backup at 23-MAY-12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-01 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

1.2.3        备份数据文件

RMAN> backup datafile 1,2,3;

Starting backup at 23-MAY-12

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00001 name=/DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

input datafile fno=00003 name=/DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile fno=00002 name=/DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0enbn2bk_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133235 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:48

Finished backup at 23-MAY-12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-02 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

1.2.4        备份控制文件

RMAN> backup current controlfile;

Starting backup at 23-MAY-12

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

including current control file in backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0gnbn2je_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133645 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 23-MAY-12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-03 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

1.2.5        备份spfile文件

RMAN> backup spfile;

Starting backup at 23-MAY-12

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

including current SPFILE in backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0inbn2l2_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133737 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

Finished backup at 23-MAY-12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-04 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

1.2.6          查看我们刚才备份的信息：

RMAN> list backup;

如下信息是之前做的备份：

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

2       Full    522.59M    DISK        00:00:59     18-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 2   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120518T185700

        Piece Name: /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_18_04nbaffs_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 2

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  1       Full 618100     18-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

  2       Full 618100     18-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

  3       Full 618100     18-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

  4       Full 618100     18-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

3       Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:02     18-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 3   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120518T185806

        Piece Name: /DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120518-01

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 618100       Ckp time: 18-MAY-12

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 18-MAY-12

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

4       Full    523.54M    DISK        00:01:09     21-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 4   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120521T145403

        Piece Name: /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_06nbhucb_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 4

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  1       Full 622304     21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

  2       Full 622304     21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

  3       Full 622304     21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

  4       Full 622304     21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

5       Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:01     21-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 5   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120521T145520

        Piece Name: /DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-00

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 622304       Ckp time: 21-MAY-12

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 21-MAY-12

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

6       Full    368.00K    DISK        00:00:00     21-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 6   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120521T151349

        Piece Name: /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_08nbhvhe_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 6

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  4       Full 622968     21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

7       Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:01     21-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120521T151351

        Piece Name: /DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-01

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 622968       Ckp time: 21-MAY-12

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 21-MAY-12

今天的备份信息如下：

如下是全库备份信息：

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

8       Full    524.66M    DISK        00:01:36     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 8   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T121210

        Piece Name: /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0anbmtkr_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 8

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  1       Full 649219     23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

  2       Full 649219     23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

  3       Full 649219     23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

  4       Full 649219     23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

9       Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:01     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 9   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T121358

        Piece Name: /DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-00

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 649233       Ckp time: 23-MAY-12

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 23-MAY-12

如下是备份USER表空间信息：

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

10      Full    432.00K    DISK        00:00:01     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 10   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T133147

        Piece Name: /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0cnbn2a3_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 10

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  4       Full 651081     23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

11      Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:03     23-MAY-12      

        BP Key: 11   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T133151

        Piece Name: /DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-01

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 651086       Ckp time: 23-MAY-12

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 23-MAY-12

如下是备份数据文件1，2，3的信息：

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

12      Full    524.61M    DISK        00:01:42     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 12   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T133235

        Piece Name: /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0enbn2bk_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 12

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  1       Full 651104     23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

  2       Full 651104     23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

  3       Full 651104     23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

13      Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:01     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 13   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T133424

        Piece Name: /DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-02

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 651119       Ckp time: 23-MAY-12

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 23-MAY-12

如下备份的是控制文件信息：

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

14      Full    6.77M      DISK        00:00:01     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 14   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T133645

        Piece Name: /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0gnbn2je_1_1

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 651150       Ckp time: 23-MAY-12

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

15      Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:01     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 15   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T133648

        Piece Name: /DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-03

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 651154       Ckp time: 23-MAY-12

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 23-MAY-12

如下是备份spfile文件的信息：

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

16      Full    80.00K     DISK        00:00:01     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 16   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T133737

        Piece Name: /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0inbn2l2_1_1

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 23-MAY-12

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

17      Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:02     23-MAY-12     

        BP Key: 17   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20120523T133740

        Piece Name: /DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-04

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 651175       Ckp time: 23-MAY-12

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

恢复大综合：

     介于Rman恢复的自动性，我们刚才对数据库的全库，单表空间，数据文件控制文件和参数文件都做了备份，这些备份的内容是数据库运行不可缺少的必要元素，通常情况下我们在生产库中只需要备份这些内容即可。有了这些备份，即使数据库的的任何信息丢失，我们都可以得以恢复使得数据库的正常运行，当然如果我们将archive log 也备份，当然就会更好了，一般情况下这个可以不用备份，备份archive log占用空间非常大。如果有海量的储存，当然备份也无妨咯。

Egg:

2.1  删除数据库的所有文件，仅保留redo日志和archivelog文件

删除控制文件：

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ pwd

/DBData/oradata/WWL

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ ls

control02.ctl  control03.ctl

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ rm -rf *.ctl

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ pwd

/DBSoft/oradata/WWL

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ ls

control01.ctl

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ rm -rf control01.ctl

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$

删除数据文件：

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ ls

redo01.log  redo02.log  redo03.log  sysaux01.dbf  system01.dbf  temp01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf  users01.dbf

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ rm -rf *.dbf

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ ls

redo01.log  redo02.log  redo03.log

[oracle@wwldb WWL]$

删除参数文件：

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ rm -rf spfileWWL.ora

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$

执行大恢复

1、 现在数据库是关闭状态

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ ps -ef|grep ora

root      2910  2888  0 10:02 ?        00:00:15 hald-addon-storage: polling /dev/hdc

root     28954  3478  0 11:38 pts/1    00:00:00 su - oracle

oracle   28955 28954  0 11:38 pts/1    00:00:00 -bash

root     29361  3438  0 13:41 pts/2    00:00:00 su - oracle

oracle   29362 29361  0 13:41 pts/2    00:00:01 -bash

oracle   29988 29362  0 16:06 pts/2    00:00:00 sqlplus   as sysdba

oracle   30102 28955  0 17:03 pts/1    00:00:00 ps -ef

oracle   30103 28955  0 17:03 pts/1    00:00:00 grep ora

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$

2、 要恢复首先要将数据库启动到mount状态才能恢复

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 23 17:03:42 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initWWL.ora'

SQL>

3、 因为数据库没有参数文件，起不来，只能能启动到nomount状态

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 23 17:06:32 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup force nomount;

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initWWL.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     159383552 bytes

Fixed Size                     1218244 bytes

Variable Size                 58722620 bytes

Database Buffers              92274688 bytes

Redo Buffers                   7168000 bytes

RMAN>

4、 开始恢复参数文件，只有恢复了参数文件和控制文件数据库才能到mount状态来恢复数据文件：

RMAN> restore spfile from autobackup;

Starting restore at 23-MAY-12

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=36 devtype=DISK

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 05/23/2012 17:08:42

RMAN-06495: must explicitly specify DBID with SET DBID command

RMAN>

注意：这里有问题了，spfile无法恢复，必须指定DBID。我记得在每次登录到rman的时候都会显示一个数据库的DBID，但是为什么这里要我们指定DBID呢？？？原因很简单，因为我们登录RMAN的时候，数据库已经宕机了，而且参数文件，控制文件，数据文件都没有了，它到哪里去找DBID；所以需要我们手动来指定，问题是现在既然登录的时候不显示，我们也不知道在哪里呀,如下:

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 23 17:06:32 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

没关系的因为我们的控制文件做了自动备份，在自动备份的控制文件里面已经存在了DBID，我们现在去找找吧，默认就备份在如下位置：

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ pwd

/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ ls

c-5520179-20120518-01  c-5520179-20120523-01  hc_WWL.dat  lkWWL

其中5520179 就是DBID了，我们只需要通过指定这个DBID，就可以将spfile恢复并将数据库启动到mount状态。

RMAN> set DBID=5520179

executing command: SET DBID

RMAN> restore spfile from autobackup;

Starting restore at 23-MAY-12

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=39 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20120523

channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-5520179-20120523-04

channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete

Finished restore at 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

5、 恢复控制文件

RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;

Starting restore at 23-MAY-12

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20120523

channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-5520179-20120523-04

channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from autobackup complete

output filename=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/cntrlWWL.dbf

Finished restore at 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

重启数据库到mount状态   ---很重要

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218968 bytes

Variable Size              79693416 bytes

Database Buffers          197132288 bytes

Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 23 19:04:15 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: WWL (DBID=5520179, not open)

6、 恢复数据库其它的数据文件：

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 23-MAY-12

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00004 to /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0cnbn2a3_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0cnbn2a3_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133147

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00001 to /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

restoring datafile 00002 to /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

restoring datafile 00003 to /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0enbn2bk_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0enbn2bk_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133235

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05

Finished restore at 23-MAY-12

RMAN>

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 23-MAY-12

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05

Finished recover at 23-MAY-12

RMAN> alter database open;   ---------我们看到数据库已经打开了处于open状态

database opened

SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS

---------------- ------------

WWL              OPEN

SQL>

注意：

restore：是将物理的数据文件从备份集中恢复出到原来的位置

recover：是利用redo日志，将备份点后的数据库通过redo日志重做