探索ORACLE之RMAN_03一致性备份

作者：吴伟龙

在之前的已经提到过备份分为一致性备份和非一致性备份，它们的区别就在于数据库所处的备份状态不同，并且一致性备份不能做增量备份恢复，需停业务，一致性备份可以做到增量的备份恢复，从而不影响业务的正常流转。

创建一致性备份

 创建一致性备份可以是在非归档模式下创建，并且数据库必须处于mount状态下，而且恢复的时候值能恢复到最后一次备份的状态。也就说从备份到发生故障的这段时间都将丢失。操作步骤如下:

1.1检查归档状态：

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode              No Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Disabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     8

Current log sequence           10

SQL>

1.2将数据库启动到mount状态

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218968 bytes

Variable Size              79693416 bytes

Database Buffers          197132288 bytes

Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL>

1.3执行备份

1.3.1        备份数据库

[oracle@wwldb ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on ÐÇÆÚÒ» 5ÔÂ 21 14:53:47 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: WWL (DBID=5520179, not open)

RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00001 name=/DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

input datafile fno=00003 name=/DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile fno=00002 name=/DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile fno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_06nbhucb_1_1 tag=TAG20120521T145403 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16

Finished backup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-00 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

RMAN>

1.3.2        备份USER表空间

RMAN> backup tablespace users;

Starting backup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_08nbhvhe_1_1 tag=TAG20120521T151349 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-01 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

RMAN>