4.4.2 RMAN备份下的基于改变的恢复

以上用OS备份说明了一个基于时间的恢复，现在用RMAN说明一个基于改变的恢复

1、连接数据库，创建测试表并插入记录

SQL*Plus: Release 8.1.6.0.0 - Production on Tue May 6 13:46:32 2003

(c) Copyright 1999 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

SQL> connect internal/password as sysdba;

Connected.

SQL> create table test(a int);

Table created

SQL> insert into test values(1);

1 row inserted

SQL> commit;

Commit complete

2、备份数据库

C:>rman

Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.6.0.0 - Production

RMAN> connect rcvcat rman/rman@back

RMAN-06008: connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> connect target internal/virpure

RMAN-06005: connected to target database: TEST (DBID=874705288)

RMAN> run{

2> allocate channel c1 type disk;

3> backup full tag 'dbfull' format 'd:backupfull%u_%s_%p' database

4> include current controlfile;

5> sql 'alter system archive log current';

6> release channel c1;

7> }

RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate

RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate

RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1

RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=12 devtype=DISK

RMAN-03022: compiling command: backup

RMAN-03023: executing command: backup

RMAN-08008: channel c1: starting full datafile backupset

RMAN-08502: set_count=1 set_stamp=494607834 creation_time=21-MAY-03

RMAN-08010: channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00001 name=D:ORACLEORADATATESTSYSTEM01.DBF

RMAN-08011: including current controlfile in backupset

RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00002 name=D:ORACLEORADATATESTRBS01.DBF

RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00003 name=D:ORACLEORADATATESTUSERS01.DBF

RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00004 name=D:ORACLEORADATATESTTEMP01.DBF

RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00005 name=D:ORACLEORADATATESTTOOLS01.DBF

RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00006 name=D:ORACLEORADATATESTINDX01.DBF

RMAN-08013: channel c1: piece 1 created

RMAN-08503: piece handle=D:BACKUPFULL01ENM7EQ_1_1 comment=NONE

RMAN-08525: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16

RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync

RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog

RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

RMAN-03022: compiling command: sql

RMAN-06162: sql statement: alter system archive log current

RMAN-03023: executing command: sql

RMAN-03022: compiling command: release

RMAN-03023: executing command: release

RMAN-08031: released channel: c1

RMAN>

3、删除测试表，在删除之前，便于测试，继续插入数据并应用到归档，并获取删除前的scn号。

SQL> insert into test values(2);

1 row inserted

SQL> commit;

Commit complete

SQL> select * from test;

A

---------------------------------------

1

2

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

Statement processed.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

Statement processed.

SQL> select max(ktuxescnw * power(2, 32) + ktuxescnb) scn from x$ktuxe;

SCN

----------

31014

SQL> drop table test;

Table dropped.

4、准备恢复到SCN 31014，先关闭数据库，然后启动到mount下

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 53126412 bytes

Fixed Size 70924 bytes

Variable Size 26763264 bytes

Database Buffers 26214400 bytes

Redo Buffers 77824 bytes

Database mounted.

5、开始恢复到改变点SCN 31014

RMAN> run{

2> allocate channel c1 type disk;

3> restore database;

4> recover database until scn 31014;

5> sql 'ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS';

6> release channel c1;

7> }

RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate

RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate

RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1

RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=10 devtype=DISK

RMAN-03022: compiling command: restore

RMAN-03022: compiling command: IRESTORE

RMAN-03023: executing command: IRESTORE

RMAN-08016: channel c1: starting datafile backupset restore

RMAN-08502: set_count=1 set_stamp=494613682 creation_time=21-MAY-03

RMAN-08089: channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00001 to D:ORACLEORADATATESTSYSTEM01.DBF

RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00002 to D:ORACLEORADATATESTRBS01.DBF

RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00003 to D:ORACLEORADATATESTUSERS01.DBF

RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00004 to D:ORACLEORADATATESTTEMP01.DBF

RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00005 to D:ORACLEORADATATESTTOOLS01.DBF

RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00006 to D:ORACLEORADATATESTINDX01.DBF

RMAN-08023: channel c1: restored backup piece 1

RMAN-08511: piece handle=D:BACKUPFULL01ENMD5I_1_1 tag=DBFULL params=NULL

RMAN-08024: channel c1: restore complete

RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync

RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog

RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(1)

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(2)

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(3)

RMAN-03023: executing command: recover(3)

RMAN-08054: starting media recovery

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(4)

RMAN-06050: archivelog thread 1 sequence 191 is already on disk as file D:ORACL

EORADATATESTARCHIVETESTT001S00191.ARC

RMAN-06050: archivelog thread 1 sequence 192 is already on disk as file D:ORACL

EORADATATESTARCHIVETESTT001S00192.ARC

RMAN-03023: executing command: recover(4)

RMAN-08515: archivelog filename=D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVETESTT001S00191.AR

C thread=1 sequence=191

RMAN-08515: archivelog filename=D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVETESTT001S00192.AR

C thread=1 sequence=192

RMAN-08055: media recovery complete

RMAN-03022: compiling command: sql

RMAN-06162: sql statement: ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS

RMAN-03023: executing command: sql

RMAN-03022: compiling command: release

RMAN-03023: executing command: release

RMAN-08031: released channel: c1

6、检查数据

Database altered.

SQL> select * from test;

A

---------------------------------------

1

2

可以看到，表依然存在

说明：

1、RMAN也可以实现不完全恢复，方法比OS备份恢复的方法更简单可靠

2、RMAN可以基于时间，基于改变与基于日志序列的不完全恢复，基于日志序列的恢复可以指定恢复到哪个日志序列，如

run {

allocate channel ch1 type disk;

allocate channel ch2 type 'sbt_tape';

set until logseq 1234 thread 1;

restore controlfile to '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/cf1.f' ;

replicate controlfile from '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/cf1.f';

alter database mount;

restore database;

recover database;

sql "ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS";

}

3、与所有的不完全恢复一样，必须在mount下，restore所有备份数据文件，需要resetlogs