--1. 确定控制文件

sys@TESTDB11>col name for a80

sys@TESTDB11>select name from v$controlfile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/control01.ctl

/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TestDB11/control02.ctl

--2. 确定数据文件

sys@TESTDB11>select name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/system01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/sysaux01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/undotbs01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/users01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/example01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/rotbs01.dbf

6 rows selected.

--确定一下需要备份的文件的大小

[oracle@S1011:/backup/consistent_whole]$ du -h /u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/

 2.3G   /u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11

--3. 创建如下的目录结构并改变它的所有者和相应的权限

[oracle@S1011:/]$ mkdir -p /pooldisk02/backup01/consistent

[oracle@S1011:/]$ chown  -R oralce:onstall /pooldisk02

[oracle@S1011:/]$ chmod  -R /pooldisk02

/*******    创建备份脚本/export/home/oracle/backup_script/backup01.sql   ******/

set head off

set feedback off

set verify off

define backup_dir='/pooldisk02/backup01/consistent/'

define script_dir='/tmp'

spool &script_dir/backup.sql

select '!cp ' || name || ' &backup_dir' from v$controlfile;

select '!cp ' || name || ' &backup_dir' from v$datafile;

spool off

--shutdown instance

shutdown immediate;

@&script_dir/backup.sql

startup;

undefine backup_dir

undefine script_dir

set head on

set feedback on

set verify on

/*******    创建备份脚本/export/home/oracle/backup_script/backup01.sql 结束******/

--执行脚本/export/home/oracle/backup_script/backup01.sql

sys@TESTDB11>@backup_script/backup01.sql

!cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB11/control01.ctl /backup/consistent/

!cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TestDB11/control02.ctl /backup/consistent/

!cp /oradata/TestDB11/system01.dbf /backup/consistent/

!cp /oradata/TestDB11/sysaux01.dbf /backup/consistent/

!cp /oradata/TestDB11/undotbs01.dbf /backup/consistent/

!cp /oradata/TestDB11/users01.dbf /backup/consistent/

!cp /oradata/TestDB11/example01.dbf /backup/consistent/

!cp /oradata/TestDB11/newundotbs01.dbf /backup/consistent/

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  855982080 bytes

Fixed Size                  2230792 bytes

Variable Size             641730040 bytes

Database Buffers          209715200 bytes

Redo Buffers                2306048 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.