手工创建数据库--前提是已经安装了oracle软件
1、
设置.bash_profile(针对linux)
export ORACLE_SID=market
export ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11202/db1

[oracle@db ~]$ more .bash_profile_market
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

ORACLE_SID=market
export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11202/db1
export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.utf8
export NLS_LANG

echo 'which DB will you use \n'
echo '1:test'
echo '3:market'
echo 'plese just enter the number'
read name
if [ $name -eq 1 ]
then
        source .bash_profile_test
fi
if [ $name -eq 2 ]
then
        source .bash_profile_market
fi

2, create init file:
control_files = (/data/oracle/oradata/market/control1.ctl,/data/oracle/oradata/market/control2.ctl,/data/oracle/oradata/market/control3.ctl)
undo_management = AUTO
undo_tablespace = UNDOTBS1
db_name = market
db_block_size = 8192
processes=1000
sessions=1000
sga_max_size=4G
sga_target=4G

3, create a password file: 注意： Windows:
规则：PWD.ora
Linux/Unix: 规则：orapw
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw password=oracle entries=5

4, Then: sqlplus / as sysdba
startup nomount

create database market
logfile group 1 ('/data/oracle/oradata/market/redo1.log') size 500M,
           group 2 ('/data/oracle/oradata/market/redo2.log') size 500M,
           group 3 ('/data/oracle/oradata/market/redo3.log') size 500M,
           group 4 ('/data/oracle/oradata/market/redo4.log') size 500M
character set utf8 national character set utf8
datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/market/system.dbf' size 500M autoextend on next 10M maxsize unlimited extent management local
sysaux datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/market/sysaux.dbf' size 500M autoextend on next 10M maxsize unlimited
undo tablespace undotbs1 datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/market/undotbs01.dbf' size 2000M
default temporary tablespace temp tempfile '/data/oracle/oradata/market/temp01.dbf' size 2000M;

以上是创建utf8字符集，如果想要创建中文字符集的需要改成

character set ZHS16GBK national character set AL16UTF16

5. Run catalog and catproc

@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql