TNS-12555:TNS:permission denied/TNS-00525:Insufficient privilege for operation
某客户测试环境在启动listener时报错TNS-12555/TNS-00525，错误信息如下：
[oracle@jzh5 ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 03-JUL-2015 07:52:00
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
网上查找资料，修改/var/tmp/.oracle目录属主oracle:dba就可以了，但是.oracle目录属主是root:root也是可以启动listener，如下:
[oracle@jzh5 tmp]$ ls -al
total 20
drwxrwxrwt 3 root root 4096 Apr 4 12:53 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Apr 4 12:53 ..
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 Jul 3 08:00 .oracle
[oracle@jzh5 tmp]$ pwd
/var/tmp
[oracle@jzh5 tmp]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 03-JUL-2015 08:11:10
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 03-JUL-2015 08:11:10
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "jzh" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "jzh", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
-------可以启动listener
进入.oracle目录看看有什么文件
[oracle@jzh5 tmp]$ cd .oracle
[oracle@jzh5 .oracle]$ ll
total 0
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 06:45 s#2845.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 06:45 s#2845.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 16 14:55 s#2846.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 16 14:55 s#2846.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 18 06:23 s#3081.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 18 06:23 s#3081.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 15 07:21 s#3147.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 15 07:21 s#3147.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 11 14:16 s#3196.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 11 14:16 s#3196.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 15 02:31 s#3254.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 15 02:31 s#3254.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 07:48 s#3334.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 07:48 s#3334.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 5 16:37 s#3411.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 5 16:37 s#3411.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jun 29 08:54 s#3412.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jun 29 08:54 s#3412.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 08:11 s#3779.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 08:11 s#3779.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 12 15:18 s#8767.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 12 15:18 s#8767.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 16 02:31 s#9085.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 16 02:31 s#9085.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 08:11 sEXTPROC1521
----可以看到.oracle目录下的文件属主都是oracle:oinstall，把属主改成root:root，是否还可以启动listener？
[root@jzh5 .oracle]# chown root:root *
[root@jzh5 .oracle]# ll
total 0
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 19 06:45 s#2845.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 19 06:45 s#2845.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 16 14:55 s#2846.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 16 14:55 s#2846.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 18 06:23 s#3081.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 18 06:23 s#3081.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 15 07:21 s#3147.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 15 07:21 s#3147.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 11 14:16 s#3196.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 11 14:16 s#3196.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 15 02:31 s#3254.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 15 02:31 s#3254.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 07:48 s#3334.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 07:48 s#3334.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 5 16:37 s#3411.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 5 16:37 s#3411.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 29 08:54 s#3412.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 29 08:54 s#3412.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 08:11 s#3779.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 08:11 s#3779.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Apr 12 15:18 s#8767.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Apr 12 15:18 s#8767.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Mar 16 02:31 s#9085.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Mar 16 02:31 s#9085.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 08:11 sEXTPROC1521
[oracle@jzh5 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 03-JUL-2015 08:15:10
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12555: TNS:permission denied
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00525: Insufficient privilege for operation
Linux Error: 1: Operation not permitted
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
-----报错了，listener启不来
[root@jzh5 .oracle]# chown oracle:oinstall *
[root@jzh5 .oracle]# su - oracle
[oracle@jzh5 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 03-JUL-2015 08:16:10
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 03-JUL-2015 08:16:12
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "jzh" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "jzh", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
总结：listener启动报错与.oracle目录属主无关，而是与.oracle目录下的文件属主有关，当.oracle目录下文件属主不正确时，listener启动就会报错！
[oracle@jzh5 ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 03-JUL-2015 07:52:00
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
网上查找资料，修改/var/tmp/.oracle目录属主oracle:dba就可以了，但是.oracle目录属主是root:root也是可以启动listener，如下:
[oracle@jzh5 tmp]$ ls -al
total 20
drwxrwxrwt 3 root root 4096 Apr 4 12:53 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Apr 4 12:53 ..
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 Jul 3 08:00 .oracle
[oracle@jzh5 tmp]$ pwd
/var/tmp
[oracle@jzh5 tmp]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 03-JUL-2015 08:11:10
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 03-JUL-2015 08:11:10
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "jzh" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "jzh", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
-------可以启动listener
进入.oracle目录看看有什么文件
[oracle@jzh5 tmp]$ cd .oracle
[oracle@jzh5 .oracle]$ ll
total 0
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 06:45 s#2845.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 06:45 s#2845.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 16 14:55 s#2846.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 16 14:55 s#2846.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 18 06:23 s#3081.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 18 06:23 s#3081.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 15 07:21 s#3147.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 15 07:21 s#3147.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 11 14:16 s#3196.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 11 14:16 s#3196.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 15 02:31 s#3254.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 15 02:31 s#3254.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 07:48 s#3334.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 07:48 s#3334.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 5 16:37 s#3411.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 5 16:37 s#3411.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jun 29 08:54 s#3412.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jun 29 08:54 s#3412.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 08:11 s#3779.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 08:11 s#3779.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 12 15:18 s#8767.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 12 15:18 s#8767.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 16 02:31 s#9085.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 16 02:31 s#9085.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jul 3 08:11 sEXTPROC1521
----可以看到.oracle目录下的文件属主都是oracle:oinstall，把属主改成root:root，是否还可以启动listener？
[root@jzh5 .oracle]# chown root:root *
[root@jzh5 .oracle]# ll
total 0
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 19 06:45 s#2845.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 19 06:45 s#2845.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 16 14:55 s#2846.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 16 14:55 s#2846.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 18 06:23 s#3081.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 18 06:23 s#3081.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 15 07:21 s#3147.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 15 07:21 s#3147.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 11 14:16 s#3196.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 11 14:16 s#3196.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 15 02:31 s#3254.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 15 02:31 s#3254.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 07:48 s#3334.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 07:48 s#3334.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 5 16:37 s#3411.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 5 16:37 s#3411.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 29 08:54 s#3412.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 29 08:54 s#3412.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 08:11 s#3779.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 08:11 s#3779.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Apr 12 15:18 s#8767.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Apr 12 15:18 s#8767.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Mar 16 02:31 s#9085.1
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Mar 16 02:31 s#9085.2
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jul 3 08:11 sEXTPROC1521
[oracle@jzh5 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 03-JUL-2015 08:15:10
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12555: TNS:permission denied
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00525: Insufficient privilege for operation
Linux Error: 1: Operation not permitted
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
-----报错了，listener启不来
[root@jzh5 .oracle]# chown oracle:oinstall *
[root@jzh5 .oracle]# su - oracle
[oracle@jzh5 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 03-JUL-2015 08:16:10
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 03-JUL-2015 08:16:12
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/jzh5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jzh5.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "jzh" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "jzh", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
总结：listener启动报错与.oracle目录属主无关，而是与.oracle目录下的文件属主有关，当.oracle目录下文件属主不正确时，listener启动就会报错！
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