以下是常用脚本，会陆续加入许多。

1.确定跟踪文件：

select
d.value||'/'||lower(rtrim(i.instance, chr(0)))||'_ora_'||p.spid||'.trc' trace_file_name
from
( select
p.spid
from
sys.v_$mystat m,
sys.v_$session s,
sys.v_$process p
where
m.statistic# = 1 and
s.sid = m.sid and
p.addr = s.paddr
) p,
( select
t.instance
from
sys.v_$thread t,
sys.v_$parameter v
where
v.name = 'thread' and
(
v.value = 0 or
t.thread# = to_number(v.value)
)
) i,
( select
value
from
sys.v_$parameter
where
name = 'user_dump_dest'
) d

2.show_space()

create or replace
procedure show_space
( p_segname in varchar2,
p_owner in varchar2 default user,
p_type in varchar2 default 'TABLE' )
as
l_free_blks number;
l_total_blocks number;
l_total_bytes number;
l_unused_blocks number;
l_unused_bytes number;
l_LastUsedExtFileId number;
l_LastUsedExtBlockId number;
l_LAST_USED_BLOCK number;
procedure p( p_label in varchar2, p_num in number )
is
begin
dbms_output.put_line( rpad(p_label,40,'.') ||
p_num );
end;
begin
dbms_space.free_blocks
( segment_owner => p_owner,
segment_name => p_segname,
segment_type => p_type,
freelist_group_id => 0,
free_blks => l_free_blks );
dbms_space.unused_space
( segment_owner => p_owner,
segment_name => p_segname,
segment_type => p_type,
total_blocks => l_total_blocks,
total_bytes => l_total_bytes,
unused_blocks => l_unused_blocks,
unused_bytes => l_unused_bytes,
LAST_USED_EXTENT_FILE_ID => l_LastUsedExtFileId,
LAST_USED_EXTENT_BLOCK_ID => l_LastUsedExtBlockId,
LAST_USED_BLOCK => l_LAST_USED_BLOCK );

p( 'Free Blocks', l_free_blks );
p( 'Total Blocks', l_total_blocks );
p( 'Total Bytes', l_total_bytes );
p( 'Unused Blocks', l_unused_blocks );
p( 'Unused Bytes', l_unused_bytes );
p( 'Last Used Ext FileId', l_LastUsedExtFileId );
p( 'Last Used Ext BlockId', l_LastUsedExtBlockId );
p( 'Last Used Block', l_LAST_USED_BLOCK );
end;
/
3.show_space_assm()

create or replace procedure show_space_assm
(p_segname in varchar2,
p_owner in varchar2 default user,
p_type in varchar2 default 'TABLE')
as
L_fs1_bytes number;
L_fs2_bytes number;
L_fs3_bytes number;
L_fs4_bytes number;
L_fs1_blocks number;
L_fs2_blocks number;
L_fs3_blocks number;
L_fs4_blocks number;
L_full_bytes number;
L_full_blocks number;
L_unformatted_bytes number;
L_unformatted_blocks number;
procedure p(p_label in varchar2, p_num in number)
is
begin
dbms_output.put_line( rpad(p_label,40,'.')||p_num );
end;
begin
dbms_space.space_usage
(segment_owner =>p_owner,
segment_name =>p_segname,
segment_type =>p_type,
unformatted_blocks=>L_unformatted_blocks,
unformatted_bytes=>L_unformatted_bytes,
fs1_blocks=>L_fs1_blocks,
fs1_bytes=>L_fs1_bytes,
fs2_blocks=>L_fs2_blocks,
fs2_bytes=>L_fs2_bytes,
fs3_blocks=>L_fs3_blocks,
fs3_bytes=>L_fs3_bytes,
fs4_blocks=>L_fs4_blocks,
fs4_bytes=>L_fs4_bytes,
full_blocks=>L_full_blocks,
full_bytes=>L_full_bytes);
p('Free spacce 0-25% blocks:',l_fs1_blocks);
p('Free spacce 25-50% Blocks:',l_fs2_blocks);
p('Free spacce 50-75% Blocks:',l_fs3_blocks);
p('Free spacce 75-100% Blocks:',l_fs4_blocks);
p('full blocks:',l_full_blocks);
p('unformatted_blocks',l_unformatted_blocks);
end;
/
4。显示oracle隐含参数

select
　　x.ksppinm　name,
　　y.ksppstvl　value,
　　y.ksppstdf　isdefault,
　　decode(bitand(y.ksppstvf,7),1,'MODIFIED',4,'SYSTEM_MOD','FALSE')　ismod,
　　decode(bitand(y.ksppstvf,2),2,'TRUE','FALSE')　isadj
　　from
　　sys.x$ksppi x,
　　sys.x$ksppcv y
　　where
　　x.inst_id = userenv('Instance') and
　　y.inst_id = userenv('Instance') and
　　x.indx = y.indx and
　　x.ksppinm like '%_&par%'
　　order by
　　translate(x.ksppinm, ' _', ' ')
　　/

select
a.ksppinm "Parameter",
a.ksppdesc "Description",
b.ksppstvl "Session Value",
c.ksppstvl "Instance Value"
from
x$ksppi a,
x$ksppcv b,
x$ksppsv c
where a.indx = b.indx
and a.indx = c.indx
and a.ksppinm like '/_%' escape '/'
order by 1

select name
,value
,decode(isdefault, 'TRUE','Y','N') as "Default"
,decode(ISEM,'TRUE','Y','N') as SesMod
,decode(ISYM,'IMMEDIATE', 'I',
'DEFERRED', 'D',
'FALSE', 'N') as SysMod
,decode(IMOD,'MODIFIED','U',
'SYS_MODIFIED','S','N') as Modified
,decode(IADJ,'TRUE','Y','N') as Adjusted
,description
from ( --GV$SYSTEM_PARAMETER
select x.inst_id as instance
,x.indx+1
,ksppinm as name
,ksppity
,ksppstvl as value
,ksppstdf as isdefault
,decode(bitand(ksppiflg/256,1),1,'TRUE','FALSE') as ISEM
,decode(bitand(ksppiflg/65536,3),
1,'IMMEDIATE',2,'DEFERRED','FALSE') as ISYM
,decode(bitand(ksppstvf,7),1,'MODIFIED','FALSE') as IMOD
,decode(bitand(ksppstvf,2),2,'TRUE','FALSE') as IADJ
,ksppdesc as description
from x$ksppi x
,x$ksppsv y
where x.indx = y.indx
and substr(ksppinm,1,1) = '_'
and x.inst_id = USERENV('Instance')
)
order by name

确定重做日志的切换频率

SELECT trunc(first_time) "Date",
to_char(first_time, 'Dy') "Day",
count(1) "Total",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'00',1,0)) "h0",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'01',1,0)) "h1",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'02',1,0)) "h2",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'03',1,0)) "h3",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'04',1,0)) "h4",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'05',1,0)) "h5",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'06',1,0)) "h6",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'07',1,0)) "h7",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'08',1,0)) "h8",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'09',1,0)) "h9",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'10',1,0)) "h10",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'11',1,0)) "h11",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'12',1,0)) "h12",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'13',1,0)) "h13",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'14',1,0)) "h14",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'15',1,0)) "h15",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'16',1,0)) "h16",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'17',1,0)) "h17",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'18',1,0)) "h18",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'19',1,0)) "h19",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'20',1,0)) "h20",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'21',1,0)) "h21",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'22',1,0)) "h22",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'23',1,0)) "h23"
FROM V$log_history
group by trunc(first_time), to_char(first_time, 'Dy')
Order by 1

select start_recid,start_time,end_recid,end_time,minutes
from (select test.*, rownum as rn
from (select b.recid start_recid,to_char(b.first_time,'yyyy-mm-dd
hh24:mi:ss') start_time,
a.recid end_recid,to_char(a.first_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
end_time,round(((a.first_time-b.first_time)*24)*60,2) minutes
from v$log_history a,v$log_history b where a.recid=b.recid+1 and
b.first_time > sysdate - 1
order by a.first_time desc) test) y where y.rn < 30;

全表扫描

This query provides a list of queries (1,000 characters only) involved in full table scans. The total number of rows and blocks for each table is also displayed so that you can determine whether the full scan is degrading performance. (全表扫描）

select sp.object_owner,sp.object_name,
(select sql_text from v$sqlarea sa
where sa.address = sp.address
and sa.hash_value =sp.hash_value) sqltext,
(select executions from v$sqlarea sa
where sa.address = sp.address
and sa.hash_value =sp.hash_value) no_of_full_scans,
(select lpad(nvl(trim(to_char(num_rows)),' '),15,' ')||' | '||lpad(nvl(trim(to_char(blocks)),' '),15,' ')||' | '||buffer_pool
from dba_tables where table_name = sp.object_name
and owner = sp.object_owner) "rows|blocks|pool"
from v$sql_plan sp
where operation='TABLE ACCESS'
and options = 'FULL'
and object_owner IN ()
order by 1,2;

1. 监控事例的等待

select event,sum(decode(wait_Time,0,0,1)) "Prev",

sum(decode(wait_Time,0,1,0)) "Curr",count(*) "Tot"

from v$session_Wait

group by event order by 4;

2. 回滚段的争用情况

select name, waits, gets, waits/gets "Ratio"

from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b

where a.usn = b.usn;

3. 监控表空间的 I/O 比例

select df.tablespace_name name,df.file_name "file",f.phyrds pyr,

f.phyblkrd pbr,f.phywrts pyw, f.phyblkwrt pbw

from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df

where f.file# = df.file_id

order by df.tablespace_name;

4. 监控文件系统的 I/O 比例

select substr(a.file#,1,2) "#", substr(a.name,1,30) "Name",

a.status, a.bytes, b.phyrds, b.phywrts

from v$datafile a, v$filestat b

where a.file# = b.file#;

5.在某个用户下找所有的索引

select user_indexes.table_name, user_indexes.index_name,uniqueness, column_name

from user_ind_columns, user_indexes

where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name

and user_ind_columns.table_name = user_indexes.table_name

order by user_indexes.table_type, user_indexes.table_name,

user_indexes.index_name, column_position;

6. 监控 SGA 的命中率

select a.value + b.value "logical_reads", c.value "phys_reads",

round(100 * ((a.value+b.value)-c.value) / (a.value+b.value)) "BUFFER HIT RATIO"

from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b, v$sysstat c

where a.statistic# = 38 and b.statistic# = 39

and c.statistic# = 40;

7. 监控 SGA 中字典缓冲区的命中率

select parameter, gets,Getmisses , getmisses/(gets+getmisses)*100 "miss ratio",

(1-(sum(getmisses)/ (sum(gets)+sum(getmisses))))*100 "Hit ratio"

from v$rowcache

where gets+getmisses <>;0

group by parameter, gets, getmisses;

8. 监控 SGA 中共享缓存区的命中率，应该小于1%

select sum(pins) "Total Pins", sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",

sum(reloads)/sum(pins) *100 libcache

from v$librarycache;

select sum(pinhits-reloads)/sum(pins) "hit radio",sum(reloads)/sum(pins) "reload percent"

from v$librarycache;

9. 显示所有数据库对象的类别和大小

select count(name) num_instances ,type ,sum(source_size) source_size ,

sum(parsed_size) parsed_size ,sum(code_size) code_size ,sum(error_size) error_size,

sum(source_size) +sum(parsed_size) +sum(code_size) +sum(error_size) size_required

from dba_object_size

group by type order by 2;

10. 监控 SGA 中重做日志缓存区的命中率，应该小于1%

SELECT name, gets, misses, immediate_gets, immediate_misses,

Decode(gets,0,0,misses/gets*100) ratio1,

Decode(immediate_gets+immediate_misses,0,0,

immediate_misses/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)*100) ratio2

FROM v$latch WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');

11. 监控内存和硬盘的排序比率，最好使它小于 .10，增加 sort_area_size

SELECT name, value FROM v$sysstat WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)');

12. 监控当前数据库谁在运行什么SQL语句

SELECT osuser, username, sql_text from v$session a, v$sqltext b

where a.sql_address =b.address order by address, piece;

13. 监控字典缓冲区

SELECT (SUM(PINS - RELOADS)) / SUM(PINS) "LIB CACHE" FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;

SELECT (SUM(GETS - GETMISSES - USAGE - FIXED)) / SUM(GETS) "ROW CACHE" FROM V$ROWCACHE;

SELECT SUM(PINS) "EXECUTIONS", SUM(RELOADS) "CACHE MISSES WHILE EXECUTING" FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;

后者除以前者,此比率小于1%,接近0%为好。

14. 找ORACLE字符集

select * from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

15. 监控 MTS

select busy/(busy+idle) "shared servers busy" from v$dispatcher;

此值大于0.5时，参数需加大

select sum(wait)/sum(totalq) "dispatcher waits" from v$queue where type='dispatcher';

select count(*) from v$dispatcher;

select servers_highwater from v$mts;

servers_highwater接近mts_max_servers时，参数需加大

16. 碎片程度

select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name

having count(tablespace_name)>;10;

alter tablespace name coalesce;

alter table name deallocate unused;

create or replace view ts_blocks_v as

select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space

union all

select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;

select * from ts_blocks_v;

select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space

group by tablespace_name;

查看碎片程度高的表

SELECT segment_name table_name , COUNT(*) extents

FROM dba_segments WHERE owner NOT IN ('SYS', 'SYSTEM') GROUP BY segment_name

HAVING COUNT(*) = (SELECT MAX( COUNT(*) ) FROM dba_segments GROUP BY segment_name);

17. 表、索引的存储情况检查

select segment_name,sum(bytes),count(*) ext_quan from dba_extents where

tablespace_name='&tablespace_name' and segment_type='TABLE' group by tablespace_name,segment_name;

select segment_name,count(*) from dba_extents where segment_type='INDEX' and owner='&owner'

group by segment_name;

18、找使用CPU多的用户session

select a.sid,spid,status,substr(a.program,1,40) prog,a.terminal,osuser,value/60/100 value

from v$session a,v$process b,v$sesstat c

where c.statistic#=12 and c.sid=a.sid and a.paddr=b.addr order by value desc;