数据库版本：ORACLE10.2.0.1
操作系统平台：REDHAT 2.6.9-55.ELsmp i686
主库：
内网IP：172.16.71.234
外网IP：*.*.*.172
从库：
内网IP：172.16.71.232
外网IP：*.*.*.174
主从库的配置：
1 参数文件的配置
主从均采用如下配置：
fds20b.__db_cache_size=1006632960fds20b.__java_pool_size=16777216fds20b.__large_pool_size=16777216fds20b.__shared_pool_size=184549376fds20b.__streams_pool_size=0*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/fds20b/adump'*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/fds20b/bdump'*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'*.control_files='/oradata/db/fds20b/control01.ctl','/oradata/db/fds20b/control02.ctl','/oradata/db/fds20b/control03.ctl'*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/fds20b/cdump'*.db_block_size=8192*.db_domain='fs'*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16*.db_name='fds20b'*.db_unique_name='fds20b'*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=fds20bXDB)'*.FAL_CLIENT='fds20a'*.FAL_SERVER='fds20b'*.job_queue_processes=0*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(fds20b,fds20a)'*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oradata/arch/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) db_unique_name=fds20b'*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=fds20a VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=fds20b LGWR ASYNC REOPEN=10'*.log_archive_dest_state_1='enable'*.log_archive_dest_state_2='enable'*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'*.open_cursors=300*.pga_aggregate_target=413138944*.processes=150*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'*.sga_target=1241513984*.smtp_out_server='61.135.207.210'*.standby_archive_dest='/oradata/arch/'*.standby_file_management='auto'*.undo_management='AUTO'*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/fds20b/udump'
说明：参数文件在主从库可以一致。但如果主从库的参数文件一致，在tnsnames.ora中的网络服务名就需要有所区别。我倾向于采用这种方案。
参数文件从主库生成并修改完成后从主库传到从库去。
2 配置tnsname.ora
主库：
[oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C5 ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools. EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = PLSExtProc) (PRESENTATION = RO) ) )FDS20B = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.71.232)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (sid = fds20b) ) ) FDS20A = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.71.234)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SID = fds20b) ) )
从库：
[oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 tmp]$ more /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools. EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = PLSExtProc) (PRESENTATION = RO) ) )FDS20B = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.71.234)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (sid = fds20b) ) ) FDS20A = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.71.232)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SID = fds20b) ) )
注意：主从区别在于主从的同名网络服务名中的IP地址互换了一下。
3 备份主库并在从库进行恢复
[oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C5 admin]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Nov 25 10:00:43 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. RMAN> connect target / connected to target database: FDS20B (DBID=1550955076)RMAN> backup database format '/oradata/%u_%p_%c' filesperset 5; Starting backup at 25-NOV-08using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-NOV-08channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-NOV-08piece handle=/oradata/05k0j1bv_1_1 tag=TAG20081125T105039 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 2 at 25-NOV-08channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 2 at 25-NOV-08piece handle=/oradata/05k0j1bv_2_1 tag=TAG20081125T105039 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 3 at 25-NOV-08channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 3 at 25-NOV-08piece handle=/oradata/05k0j1bv_3_1 tag=TAG20081125T105039 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:10:05channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupsetchannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupsetinput datafile fno=00005 name=/oradata/db/fds20b/fds01.dbfinput datafile fno=00002 name=/oradata/db/fds20b/undotbs01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-NOV-08channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-NOV-08piece handle=/oradata/06k0j1us_1_1 tag=TAG20081125T105719 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 2 at 25-NOV-08channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 2 at 25-NOV-08piece handle=/oradata/06k0j1us_2_1 tag=TAG20081125T105719 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:30channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupsetchannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupsetincluding current control file in backupsetincluding current SPFILE in backupsetchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-NOV-08channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-NOV-08piece handle=/oradata/07k0j21n_1_1 tag=TAG20081125T105719 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02Finished backup at 25-NOV-08 RMAN> exit Recovery Manager complete.
接着创建从库控制文件
[oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C5 admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Nov 25 11:08:25 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to:Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/oradata/standby.ctl'; Database altered. SQL>
将这些文件均传送到从库。
控制文件复制到相应的参数文件所在的位置。
[oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 oradata]$ scp 172.16.71.234:/oradata/05k0j* .oracle@172.16.71.234's password: 05k0j1bv_1_1 100% 2048MB 22.0MB/s 01:33 05k0j1bv_2_1 100% 2048MB 23.0MB/s 01:29 05k0j1bv_3_1 100% 1980MB 22.3MB/s 01:29 [oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 oradata]$ scp 172.16.71.234:/oradata/06k0j* .oracle@172.16.71.234's password: 06k0j1us_1_1 100% 2048MB 22.0MB/s 01:33 06k0j1us_2_1 100% 1880MB 22.1MB/s 01:25 [oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 oradata]$ scp 172.16.71.234:/oradata/07k0j* .oracle@172.16.71.234's password: 07k0j21n_1_1 100% 8256KB 8.1MB/s 00:00 [oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 oradata]$ scp 172.16.71.234:/oradata/standby* .oracle@172.16.71.234's password: standby.ctl [oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 oradata]$ cp standby.ctl /oradata/db/fds20b/control01.ctl [oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 oradata]$ cp standby.ctl /oradata/db/fds20b/control02.ctl [oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 oradata]$ cp standby.ctl /oradata/db/fds20b/control03.ctl
应该先热备后再创建从库控制文件。
4 在从库进行恢复
恢复前先MOUNT数据库
在从库进行如下操作:
Sqlplus / as sysdbaCreate spfile from pfile=’/tmp/init.ora’;startup nomountalter database mount standby database;exit
oracle@CHN-FS-7-5C3 bdump]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rmanRecovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Nov 25 14:54:47 2008Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.RMAN> connect target /connected to target database: FDS20B (DBID=1550955076, not open) restore database;recover database;
恢复之后可以关闭从库，并重新启动
Startup nomount;Alter database mount standby database;Alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
这时就基本配置好了。可以看到主库基本不必进行重启。
这里我遇到了如下的错误：
ORA-16047: DGID mismatch between destination setting and standby
Tue Nov 25 14:24:38 2008
PING[ARC0]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'fds20a'. Error is 16047.
Tue Nov 25 14:25:38 2008
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/fds20b/bdump/fds20b_arc0_28458.trc:
在主库查看归档配置
SQL> show parameter log_archive_dest_2
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------------- ----------------------------
log_archive_dest_2 string SERVICE=fds20a VALID_FOR=(ONLI
NE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_U
NIQUE_NAME=fds20a LGWR ASYNC R
EOPEN=10
SQL> show parameter db_unique
NAME TYPE VALUE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
db_unique_name string fds20b
发现了配置的确有问题。log_archive_dest_2
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