Installing Oracle10gR2(10.2.0.4) On RHEL 5/OEL 5

    最近有一台DEll的机器，出厂的时候已经做好RADI1+0了，领导让我装个oracle，于是就开始了我的坎坷之路。。。。。。
    首先是找oracle的安装介质，那么就需要了解此服务器的OS是什么版本的，问了一下给服务器装完系统的同事，回答：据说是64位，这一个据说我就没谱了。
    虽然我的硬件知识也很差劲，但是记得有人说过uname -a，如果没有64显示出来的话，那就应该是32位的，16G的内存，装个32位的os，会不会太奢侈了？
    于是找了一个64为os的压缩包，和oracle的压缩包，patch的压缩包，好，copy到移动硬盘，然后直接装，问题真是一个接着一个：
    首先是服务器不认我的移动硬盘的格式，那就找同事帮忙刻一张盘吧，结果没有光盘，那就去买吧，买回来，不认，买错了，晕！！装个oracle怎么这么麻烦。回家！
    第二天找来了原厂的光盘，和oracle介质的光盘，开始安装oracle。。。。。。

一、Applies to
        Oracle Server Enterprise Edition - Version: 10.2.0.1 to 10.2.0.1
        Linux x86-64

二、Goal
        This document describes the installation of Oracle 10gR2 database on RedHat Enterprise Linux/Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 (x86_64).

三、Solution
        切忌：安装oracle之前的准备工作很重要，不要上来就着急./runInstaller，检查工作不做充分了，就等着重装吧~~
1. Hardware Requirements
   a) Physical Memory (At least 1GB of physical RAM is required)
      # grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
   b) Swap Space
      # grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
      1G <= RAM <= 2G THEN /swap =1.5* RAM
      2G <= RAM <= 8G THEN /swap = RAM
      8G <= RAM       THEN /swap = 0.75 * RAM 
   c) Disk space Requirement
      # df -h
      400 MB of disk space in the /tmp directory
      Between 1.5 GB and 3.5 GB of disk space for the Oracle software, depending on the installation type
      1.2 GB of disk space for a preconfigured database that uses file system storage (optional)
      e.g.
      lvcreate -L 102400 -n oracle /dev/VolGroup01
      mkfs.ext3 /dev/VolGroup01/oracle
      mount /dev/VolGroup01/oracle /u01      
      vi /etc/fstab(开机自动挂载)
      /dev/VolGroup01/oracle /u01 ext3 defaults 0 0
     
2. Kernel Requirements   
   a) Version
      # uname -r
      2.6.18-53.e15
      [root@htjcoa ~]# more /etc/redhat-release
      Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.1
      [root@htjcoa ~]# lsb_release -a
      LSB Version:    :core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
      Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
      Description:    Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.1
      Release:        5.1
      Codename:       n/a
   b) SELinux
      SELinux has to be disabled on RHEL/OEL 5 to work Due to an internal bugs of Oracle database (Bug 6140224, Bug 6079461) 
  
3. Installing required packages
rpm -q binutils-2.17.50 (x86_64)
rpm -q compat-db-4.2.52 (x86_64)
rpm -q compat-libstdc++-296(i386)
rpm -q compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (x86_64)
rpm -q compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3(i386)
rpm -q control-center-2.16.0 (x86_64)
rpm -q gcc-4.1.1 (x86_64)
rpm -q gcc-c++-4.1.1 (x86_64)
rpm -q glibc-2.5-12 (x86_64)
rpm -q glibc-2.5-12 (i686)
rpm -q glibc-common-2.5-12 (x86_64)
rpm -q glibc-devel-2.5-12 (x86_64)
rpm -q glibc-devel-2.5-12(i386)
rpm -q glibc-headers-2.5-12 (x86_64)
rpm -q ksh-20060214-1.4 (x86_64)
rpm -q libaio-0.3.96 (x86_64)
rpm -q libgcc-4.1.1(i386)
rpm -q libgcc-4.1.1(x86_64)
rpm -q libgnome-2.16.0 (x86_64)
rpm -q libgnomeui-2.16.0 (x86_64)
rpm -q libgomp-4.1.1 (x86_64)
rpm -q libstdc++-4.1.1 (x86_64)
rpm -q libstdc++-devel-4.1.1 (x86_64)
rpm -q libXp-1.0.0-8 (i386)
rpm -q make-3.81 (x86_64)
rpm -q sysstat-7.0.0 (x86_64)

4. set kernel parameters
[root@htjcoa Server]#vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65500(10.2.0.4) 注意：10.2.0.5的时候是net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144

[root@htjcoa Server]## sysctl -p --使其生效

5. Create Oracle user and groups
# groupadd oinstall
# groupadd dba
# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
# passwd oracle

6. Create the required directories for Oracle database and change the ownership
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

7. Set the session limits for Oracle user
   (a) /etc/security/limits.conf
         [root@htjcoa Server]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
        oracle soft nproc 2047
        oracle hard nproc 16384
        oracle soft nofile 1024
        oracle hard nofile 65536

   (b) /etc/pam.d/login
        [root@htjcoa Server]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
        session required pam_limits.so

   (c) /etc/profile
       [root@htjcoa Server]# vi /etc/profile
       if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then 
          ulimit -u 16384
          ulimit -n 65536
        fi

8. Configure the Oracle user's environment
[root@htjcoa ~]# more /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1               localhost.localdomain localhost --注意：127这行要去掉主机名，切忌！否则检查会报错
::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
10.1.93.91              htjcoa
[root@htjcoa ~]# more .bash_profile

9. 修改/etc/redhat-release文件
            Oracle10gR2 (10.2) was released before RHEL5, so the base installation media does not make provision for installing on RHEL5.
         由于10.2发布的时候，RHEL5还没有出，所以.runInstaller不支持RHEL5，那么修改/etc/redhat-release把5.1修改成4,就不会验证出问题了。
        安装完数据库软件以后，就可以把这个参数再改回去，因为10.2.0.4的patch是支持RHEL5的。
        另外一个需要大家注意的地方是，不要在原有基础上使用#注释，oracle不认识，要彻底修改，我先前是#注释掉第一行，然后新建，结果验证失败了。
[root@htjcoa ~]# vi /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.1 -> Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4

$ ./runInstaller

       最后，借此机会对“大川”同志表示感谢，如果没有他的帮忙，我估计我这次安装oracle将成为终身难忘的经历~~~

参考文献：
1. Requirements For Installing Oracle10gR2 On RHEL 5/OEL 5 (x86_64) [ID 421308.1]
2. Prerequisite Checks Fail When Installing 10.2 On Red Hat 5 (RHEL5) [ID 456634.1]
3. http://space.itpub.net/9252210/viewspace-662357